{ "title": "Technology brief: Quantum communication", "technology": "communication", "kind": "pillar", "generated": "2026-11-03", "records_assembled": "2026-11-02", "status": "available", "note": "Observations of the named sources only: no ranking, market share, production location or supplier relationship is inferred.", "patents": { "landscape": { "status": "connected", "measure": "Published documents per publication year (EPO Open Patent Services search result count); not patent families.", "cpc_version": "2026.08", "classes": [ { "symbol": "H04L9/0852", "title": "H04L 9/0852 Quantum cryptography", "source": "https://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/cpc/html/cpc-H04L.html", "retrieved": "2026-10-23" }, { "symbol": "H04B10/70", "title": "H04B 10/70 Photonic quantum communication", "source": "https://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/cpc/html/cpc-H04B.html", "retrieved": "2026-10-23" } ], "series": [ { "year": 2015, "documents": 136, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-24" }, { "year": 2016, "documents": 244, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-24" }, { "year": 2017, "documents": 417, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-24" }, { "year": 2018, "documents": 663, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-24" }, { "year": 2019, "documents": 785, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-24" }, { "year": 2020, "documents": 868, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-24" }, { "year": 2021, "documents": 910, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-25" }, { "year": 2022, "documents": 1239, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-25" }, { "year": 2023, "documents": 1250, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-25" }, { "year": 2024, "documents": 1662, "status": "Collected; publication year complete", "retrieved": "2026-10-25" }, { "year": 2025, "documents": 1808, "status": "Collected; recent year, the EPO database may still add documents", "retrieved": "2026-10-25" }, { "year": 2026, "documents": 1314, "status": "Collected; year in progress, partial count", "retrieved": "2026-10-25" } ] }, "companies": { "status": "collected", "companies_checked": 83, "distinct_families_all_quantum_groups": 424, "lower_bound": false, "group": "Quantum communication and cryptography", "companies_with_family_in_group": 7, "top": [ { "name": "Deutsche Telekom AG", "cordis_country": "DE", "families_in_group": 60, "families": 66, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-24" }, { "name": "Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GMBH", "cordis_country": "DE", "families_in_group": 32, "families": 32, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-23" }, { "name": "Quantum Optics Jena GMBH", "cordis_country": "DE", "families_in_group": 15, "families": 15, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-27" }, { "name": "Bundesdruckerei GMBH", "cordis_country": "DE", "families_in_group": 7, "families": 19, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-24" }, { "name": "Telefonica SA", "cordis_country": "ES", "families_in_group": 3, "families": 3, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-28" }, { "name": "Sap Se", "cordis_country": "DE", "families_in_group": 1, "families": 4, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-28" }, { "name": "Adtran Networks Se", "cordis_country": "DE", "families_in_group": 1, "families": 1, "lower_bound": false, "looked_up": "2026-10-23" } ], "countries": { "DE": 6, "ES": 1 }, "country_meaning": "The country CORDIS records for the company, not the applicant residence or a production location." }, "source": "https://www.epo.org/en/searching-for-patents/data/web-services/ops" }, "supply_chain": { "platforms": { "qkd": { "label": "Quantum key distribution systems", "parts": 15, "crm": 3 } }, "segments": { "cryogenics": { "label": "Cryogenics and cooling", "projects": 1, "companies": 0 }, "photonics": { "label": "Photonics, lasers and optics", "projects": 86, "companies": 16 }, "electronics": { "label": "Control electronics and cryo-CMOS", "projects": 12, "companies": 1 }, "materials": { "label": "Materials, fabrication and foundry", "projects": 13, "companies": 6 }, "hardware": { "label": "Qubit hardware platforms", "projects": 20, "companies": 2 }, "software": { "label": "Quantum software and algorithms", "projects": 8, "companies": 0 }, "communication": { "label": "Quantum communication and security systems", "projects": 405, "companies": 83 }, "sensing": { "label": "Quantum sensors and metrology devices", "projects": 17, "companies": 6 }, "other": { "label": "Other / not classified", "projects": 8, "companies": 3 } }, "companies": 83, "organisations": 369, "top_organisations": [ { "pic": "999584128", "name": "Ait Austrian Institute of Technology GMBH", "country": "AT", "projects": 14, "company": false }, { "pic": "999619436", "name": "Fundacio Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques", "country": "ES", "projects": 13, "company": false }, { "pic": "999977366", "name": "Technische Universiteit Delft", "country": "NL", "projects": 11, "company": false }, { "pic": "909875521", "name": "Sorbonne Universite", "country": "FR", "projects": 10, "company": false }, { "pic": "999997930", "name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS", "country": "FR", "projects": 9, "company": false }, { "pic": "999984059", "name": "Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung Ev", "country": "DE", "projects": 7, "company": false }, { "pic": "999971934", "name": "Thales Six Gts France SAS", "country": "FR", "projects": 7, "company": true }, { "pic": "999974844", "name": "Universidad Politecnica de Madrid", "country": "ES", "projects": 7, "company": false }, { "pic": "999586359", "name": "Instytut Chemii Bioorganicznej Polskiej Akademii Nauk", "country": "PL", "projects": 6, "company": false }, { "pic": "999991043", "name": "Kobenhavns Universitet", "country": "DK", "projects": 6, "company": false } ], "relationship": "Participants of EU-funded projects, not documented suppliers." }, "funding": { "projects": 418, "sources": { "cordis": 59, "ft": 42, "kohesio": 14, "anr": 16, "nwo": 13, "fwf": 19, "openaire-funders": 80, "ukri": 155, "aramis": 11, "rcn": 3, "rie": 6 }, "totals": [ { "measure": "EU contribution (maximum grant agreed)", "currency": "EUR", "sum": 377374119.4, "projects": 101, "missing": 0, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "award value (Gateway to Research)", "currency": "GBP", "sum": 109672494, "projects": 62, "missing": 0, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "approved FWF funding", "currency": "EUR", "sum": 5993852, "projects": 19, "missing": 0, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "ANR aid allocated", "currency": "EUR", "sum": 4928794.3, "projects": 15, "missing": 0, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "total eligible expenditure", 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value (Gateway to Research)", "currency": "", "sum": 0, "projects": 0, "missing": 93, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "current total commitment", "currency": "", "sum": 0, "projects": 0, "missing": 6, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "funded amount", "currency": "", "sum": 0, "projects": 0, "missing": 53, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "total awarded", "currency": "", "sum": 0, "projects": 0, "missing": 3, "includes_award": false }, { "measure": "Total cost", "currency": "EUR", "sum": 408450490.5, "projects": 71, "missing": 0, "includes_award": true } ], "years": { "1995": 1, "1997": 1, "1998": 2, "1999": 1, "2000": 1, "2002": 2, "2003": 1, "2004": 1, "2006": 5, "2007": 5, "2008": 4, "2009": 1, "2010": 2, "2011": 4, "2012": 6, "2013": 2, "2014": 8, "2015": 11, "2016": 19, "2017": 24, "2018": 31, "2019": 31, "2020": 28, "2021": 28, "2022": 39, "2023": 47, "2024": 42, "2025": 28, "2026": 42 }, "countries": { "GB": 169, "DE": 50, "AT": 44, "CH": 44, "NL": 40, "FR": 37, "ES": 28, "PT": 20, "DK": 17, "SE": 17 }, "country_count": 37, "largest_awards": [ { "id": "cordis:101297140", "acronym": "QIA-Phase2", "title": "Quantum Internet Alliance - Phase2", "url": "https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101297140", "award": 47500000, "currency": "EUR", "measure": "EU contribution (maximum grant agreed)", "start": "2026-04-01" }, { "id": "cordis:101102140", "acronym": "QIA-Phase1", "title": "Quantum Internet Alliance - Phase1", "url": "https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101102140", "award": 24000000, "currency": "EUR", "measure": "EU contribution (maximum grant agreed)", "start": "2022-10-01" }, { "id": "cordis:857156", "acronym": "OPENQKD", "title": "Open European Quantum Key Distribution Testbed", "url": "https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/857156", "award": 14999989.89, "currency": "EUR", "measure": "EU contribution (maximum grant agreed)", "start": "2019-09-02" }, { "id": "cordis:820445", "acronym": "QIA", "title": "Quantum Internet Alliance", "url": "https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/820445", "award": 9999566.39, "currency": "EUR", "measure": "EU contribution (maximum grant agreed)", "start": "2018-10-01" }, { "id": "cordis:820474", "acronym": "UNIQORN", "title": "Affordable Quantum Communication for Everyone: Revolutionizing the Quantum Ecosystem from Fabrication to Application", "url": "https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/820474", "award": 9979905, "currency": "EUR", "measure": "EU contribution (maximum grant agreed)", "start": "2018-10-01" } ], "selection": "A project belongs to this pillar when the portal classification has confirmed it there (an editor decision or a high-precision taxonomy rule on its title), as on the technology hub; this covers CORDIS, Funding & Tenders and national projects. Projects not confirmed in any pillar are not counted here.", "snapshots": { "cordis": { "records": 1256, "retrieved": "2026-10-16", "file": "cordis-projects.jsonl" }, "ft": { "records": 91, "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "file": "ft-projects.jsonl" }, "national": { "records": 7469, "retrieved": "2026-10-24", "file": "national-projects.jsonl" } }, "licence_notice": "This export contains rows derived from Open data of the French National Research Agency (ANR) on data.gouv.fr (ANR, data.gouv.fr, ODbL 1.0). Those rows are licensed under the Open Database Licence (ODbL) 1.0, https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/: keep the attribution, and a database that includes them must be published under the ODbL (share-alike). The other rows keep the licence of their own source.", "share_alike": [ { "prefix": "anr", "source": "Open data of the French National Research Agency (ANR) on data.gouv.fr", "attribution": "ANR, data.gouv.fr, ODbL 1.0", "links": { "ANR": "https://anr.fr/", "data.gouv.fr": "https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/anr-01-projets-anr-dos-et-dgds-detail-des-projets-et-des-partenaires", "ODbL 1.0": "https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/" }, "licence": "Open Database Licence (ODbL) 1.0", "licence_url": "https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/", "share_alike": true } ] }, "facilities": [ { "id": "euroqci-terrestrial", "name": "EuroQCI terrestrial segment", "country": "EU", "status": "In development", "sources": [ { "title": "European Commission: European Quantum Communication Infrastructure (EuroQCI)", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/european-quantum-communication-infrastructure-euroqci", "retrieved": "2026-10-19" } ] }, { "id": "eagle-1", "name": "Eagle-1", "country": "EU", "status": "In development", "sources": [ { "title": "European Space Agency: Eagle-1", "url": "https://www.esa.int/Applications/Connectivity_and_Secure_Communications/Eagle-1", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "Paragraph on the launch: \"due to launch in late 2026/early 2027\"" }, { "title": "European Commission: European Quantum Communication Infrastructure (EuroQCI)", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/european-quantum-communication-infrastructure-euroqci", "retrieved": "2026-10-19" } ] }, { "id": "nostradamus", "name": "NOSTRADAMUS", "country": "IT", "status": "Project", "sources": [ { "title": "European Commission: European Quantum Communication Infrastructure (EuroQCI)", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/european-quantum-communication-infrastructure-euroqci", "retrieved": "2026-10-19" } ] }, { "id": "qcined", "name": "QCINed", "country": "NL", "status": "In operation, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "Quantum Delta NL: QCINed", "url": "https://qdnl.nl/qcined", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "QCINed page: introduction (\"We have deployed quantum-resistant communication networks\") and the section saying the testbeds are open for testing, training and collaboration" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Netherlands entry" }, { "title": "European Commission: European Quantum Communication Infrastructure (EuroQCI)", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/european-quantum-communication-infrastructure-euroqci", "retrieved": "2026-10-21" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: QCINed, project 101091656 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091656/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: coordinator (Stichting QDNL) and participants" } ] }, { "id": "quct-nl", "name": "QuCT NL (Quantum Communication Testbed)", "country": "NL", "status": "In operation, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "TU/e: TU/e launches Quantum Communication Testbed (QuCT NL) (16 September 2025)", "url": "https://www.tue.nl/en/news-and-events/news-overview/16-09-2025-tue-launches-quantum-communication-testbed-quct-nl-to-secure-the-future-of-digital-infrastructure", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "News item of 16 September 2025: opening paragraph, the paragraph on the launch event of 26 August 2025 and the funding paragraph (\"partially funded by the European Commission as part of QCINed\")" } ] }, { "id": "petrus", "name": "PETRUS", "country": "EU", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "PETRUS: home page", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the opening statement (\"Petrus coordinates the deployment of EuroQCI\"), the paragraph describing the Coordination & Support Action, and the funding statement in the footer" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page: the list of 22 countries, each linked to its national project site (no link for Germany)" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: PETRUS, project 101091719 (2022-10-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091719/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-EUROQCI-QKD, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "qci-cat", "name": "QCI-CAT", "country": "AT", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "QCI-CAT: home page", "url": "https://qci-cat.at/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: \"Making Austria Quantum Secure\" and the paragraph stating that QCI-CAT forms the Austrian national project of EuroQCI" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Austria entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: QCI-CAT, project 101091642 (2023-01-01 to 2026-03-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091642/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: coordinator, call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "bgqci", "name": "BGQCI", "country": "BG", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "BGQCI: home page", "url": "https://euroqci.bg/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: introduction, the news item on the national kick-off meeting and the section \"The Lead Organization in the Consortium\"" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Bulgaria entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: BG National QCI Plan, project 101091399 (2023-01-01 to 2025-06-30)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091399/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "cyqci", "name": "CYQCI (Cyprus Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "CY", "status": "Project", "sources": [ { "title": "CYQCI: home page", "url": "https://www.cyqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: \"Pioneering Quantum Communications in Cyprus\" and the news list (second-year review)" }, { "title": "CYQCI: CYQCI deploys Cyprus's First-Ever Quantum Link", "url": "https://www.cyqci.eu/cyqci-deploys-cypruss-first-ever-quantum-link/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "News item: first paragraph and the paragraph on the first step towards a quantum communication backbone" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Cyprus entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: CYQCI, project 101091655 (2023-01-01 to 2026-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091655/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "naqci-fi", "name": "NaQCI.fi", "country": "FI", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "NaQCI.fi: Project", "url": "https://www.naqci.fi/project/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Project page: first paragraph and the list of main goals" }, { "title": "NaQCI.fi: Contacts", "url": "https://www.naqci.fi/contacts/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Contacts page: the coordinating and technical-lead organisations (organisation names only)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Finland entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: NaQCI.fi, project 101091479 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091479/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "franceqci", "name": "FranceQCI", "country": "FR", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "FranceQCI: home page", "url": "https://www.franceqci.com/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the paragraphs on the 13-partner consortium, the aims (\"In particular, FranceQCI aims to deploy\") and the funding statement" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, France entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: FranceQCI, project 101091675 (2023-01-01 to 2025-10-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091675/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: coordinator, call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "hellasqci", "name": "HellasQCI", "country": "GR", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "HellasQCI: home page", "url": "https://hellasqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the paragraph on the three metropolitan networks, the consortium paragraph and the news items naming GRNET as coordinator" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Greece entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: HellasQCI, project 101091504 (2023-01-01 to 2026-06-30)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091504/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "qcihungary", "name": "QCIHungary", "country": "HU", "status": "Project", "sources": [ { "title": "QCIHungary: home page", "url": "https://qcihungary.hu/en/home/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the paragraphs on the Digital Europe contract, the project aims and the project period and consortium" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Hungary entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: QCIHungary, project 101081247 (2023-01-01 to 2026-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101081247/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "quid-italy", "name": "QUID (Quantum Italy Deployment)", "country": "IT", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "QUID: home page", "url": "https://quid-euroqci-italy.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the project description and the project box (coordinating institution, start, duration, participating organisations)" }, { "title": "QUID: Connecting the JRC to the future!", "url": "https://quid-euroqci-italy.eu/connecting-the-jrc-to-the-future/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "News item: the paragraph on the inauguration of 10 June 2025 and the paragraph on the first official link" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Italy entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: QUID, project 101091408 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091408/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "latqn", "name": "LATQN: experimental quantum communication infrastructure in Latvia", "country": "LV", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "LVRTC: Deploying advanced national QCI systems and networks", "url": "https://www.lvrtc.lv/en/quantum/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Project page: co-financing table, the project term, the partners, and the paragraph on the results of the project" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Latvia entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: LATQN, project 101091559 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091559/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "prism-malta", "name": "PRISM", "country": "MT", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "PRISM EuroQCI: Quantum Communication Network in Malta", "url": "https://prism-euroqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the paragraph beginning \"The PRISM project will start to build a quantum-secured network in Malta\", the partner paragraph and the funding statement" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Malta entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: PRISM, project 101111875 (2023-02-01 to 2026-07-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101111875/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2022-QCI-02-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "pionier-q", "name": "PIONIER-Q", "country": "PL", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "PIONIER-Q: home page (in Polish)", "url": "https://pionierq.pionier.net.pl/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the paragraphs on the project scope, the coordinator, the consortium and the selection by the European Commission" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Poland entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: PIONIER-Q, project 101091710 (2023-02-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091710/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "ptqci", "name": "PTQCI (Portuguese Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "PT", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "PTQCI: home page", "url": "https://ptqci.pt/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: introduction, the consortium paragraph and the news item \"Aveiro Quantum Communications Network\" (24 April 2025)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Portugal entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: PTQCI, project 101091730 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091730/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "ronaqci", "name": "RoNaQCI", "country": "RO", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "RoNaQCI: home page", "url": "https://www.ronaqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the project description and the paragraph beginning \"The project will accomplish the deployment\"" }, { "title": "RoNaQCI: Partners", "url": "https://www.ronaqci.eu/partners/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Partners table: participant 1, role Coordinator" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Romania entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: RoNaQCI, project 101091562 (2023-01-01 to 2025-06-30)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091562/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "skqci", "name": "SKQCI (Slovak Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "SK", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "SKQCI: home page", "url": "https://skqci.qute.sk/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Home page: the activity list and the paragraph on the goal of the project" }, { "title": "SKQCI: Partners", "url": "https://skqci.qute.sk/partners/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Partners page: \"The consortium\", six beneficiaries" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Slovakia entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: skQCI, project 101091548 (2023-01-01 to 2026-06-30)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091548/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "euroqci-spain", "name": "EuroQCI-Spain", "country": "ES", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "CSIC ITEFI: EuroQCI deployment in Spain (EuroQCI-Spain)", "url": "https://www.itefi.csic.es/es/proyectos/euroqci-spain", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Project page: description, \"Datos del proyecto\" (reference, start and end dates) and the coordinator" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Spain entry and its link to the national project site" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: EuroQCI-SPAIN, project 101091638 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091638/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "be-qci", "name": "BE-QCI (Belgian-QCI)", "country": "BE", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "BELSPO: impulse actions, list of projects", "url": "https://www.belspo.be/belspo/impuls/project_en.stm", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Impulse projects list, EUROQCI heading, entry \"BE-QCI : Belgian-QCI (IMEC)\"" }, { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: Be-QCI, project 101091625 (2023-01-01 to 2025-12-31)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091625/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: call topic DIGITAL-2021-QCI-01-DEPLOY-NATIONAL, start and end dates" } ] }, { "id": "seewqci", "name": "SEEWQCI (South-East Europe to Western Europe Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "EU", "status": "Project", "sources": [ { "title": "CYQCI: Cyprus: Strategic Link in Europe’s Quantum Communications, High Distinction for the SEEWQCI Project", "url": "https://www.cyqci.eu/cyprus-strategic-link-in-europes-quantum-communications-high-distinction-for-the-seewqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "Press release of 8 August 2025: first paragraph (evaluation and CEF Digital funding) and the paragraph on the network scope" }, { "title": "CYQCI: home page", "url": "https://www.cyqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "News list: \"CYQCI Participates in SEEWQCI Kick-off Meeting in Athens\"" }, { "title": "HellasQCI: home page", "url": "https://hellasqci.eu/", "retrieved": "2026-10-22", "locator": "News items naming GRNET as coordinator of SEEWQCI and HellasQCI" } ] }, { "id": "q-net-q", "name": "Q-net-Q", "country": "DE", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: Q-net-Q (project 101091732)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091732/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Germany entry" } ] }, { "id": "czqci", "name": "CZQCI (Czech National Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "CZ", "status": "Project", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: CZQCI (project 101091684)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091684/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" } ] }, { "id": "qci-dk", "name": "QCI.DK (Danish Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "DK", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: QCI.DK (project 101091659)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091659/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Denmark entry" } ] }, { "id": "estqci", "name": "EstQCI (Estonian Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "EE", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: EstQCI (project 101113143)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101113143/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" } ] }, { "id": "croqci", "name": "Croatian Quantum Communication Infrastructure – CroQCI", "country": "HR", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: CroQCI (project 101091513)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091513/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" } ] }, { "id": "irelandqci", "name": "IrelandQCI (Building a National Quantum Communication Infrastructure for Ireland)", "country": "IE", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: IrelandQCI (project 101091520)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091520/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Ireland entry" } ] }, { "id": "lux4qci", "name": "Lux4QCI (Luxembourg Experimental Network for Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "country": "LU", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: Lux4QCI (project 101091508)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091508/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Luxembourg entry" } ] }, { "id": "siquid", "name": "SiQUID (Slovenian Quantum Communication Infrastructure Demonstration)", "country": "SI", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: SiQUID (project 101091560)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101091560/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Slovenia entry" } ] }, { "id": "nqcis", "name": "NQCIS (National Quantum Communication Infrastructure in Sweden)", "country": "SE", "status": "Project period ended, per the source", "sources": [ { "title": "EU Funding & Tenders Portal: NQCIS (project 101113375)", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/projects-details/43152860/101113375/DIGITAL", "retrieved": "2026-10-21", "locator": "Project details: topic, coordinator, start and end dates (portal open-data snapshot of the projects and results, read by the portal)" }, { "title": "PETRUS: National EuroQCI projects", "url": "https://petrus-euroqci.eu/national-euroqci/", "retrieved": "2026-10-27", "locator": "National EuroQCI page, Sweden entry" } ] } ], "deployment": [ { "id": "euroqci-terrestrial", "name": "EuroQCI (terrestrial segment)", "level": "Programme or network", "furthest_milestone": "Funded or agreement signed", "technical_status": "Programme or network, not a single machine", "technical_status_as_of": "2025-01-30", "user_access": "No external access stated by the source" }, { "id": "eagle-1", "name": "Eagle-1 satellite", "level": "System or site", "furthest_milestone": "No evidenced milestone yet", "technical_status": "Planned", "technical_status_as_of": "2026-10-23", "user_access": "No external access stated by the source" }, { "id": "quct-nl", "name": "QuCT NL (Quantum Communication Testbed)", "level": "System or site", "furthest_milestone": "Operational", "technical_status": "In operation, per the source", "technical_status_as_of": "2025-09-16", "user_access": "Access route documented; whether it is open now is not stated" }, { "id": "quid-italy", "name": "QUID (Quantum Italy Deployment)", "level": "Project", "furthest_milestone": "Commissioned or inaugurated", "technical_status": "Project under way", "technical_status_as_of": "2025-06-30", "user_access": "No external access stated by the source" }, { "id": "ptqci", "name": "PTQCI (Portuguese Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "level": "Project", "furthest_milestone": "Delivered, installed or launched", "technical_status": "Project under way", "technical_status_as_of": "2025-04-24", "user_access": "No external access stated by the source" }, { "id": "cyqci", "name": "CYQCI (Cyprus Quantum Communication Infrastructure)", "level": "Project", "furthest_milestone": "Delivered, installed or launched", "technical_status": "Project under way", "technical_status_as_of": "2024-11-22", "user_access": "No external access stated by the source" }, { "id": "latqn", "name": "LATQN: experimental quantum communication infrastructure in Latvia", "level": "Project", "furthest_milestone": "Funded or agreement signed", "technical_status": "Project under way", "technical_status_as_of": "2025-07-22", "user_access": "No external access stated by the source" } ], "regions": { "participations": { "eu27": 349, "other": 229 }, "participations_note": "Project-country pairs in EU-funded projects; EU programmes fund mainly participants in the EU and associated countries, so this is not a comparison of regional strength.", "report_figures": [ { "id": "osservatori-2024-scenario-figures", "statement": "The Observatory's November 2024 report covers public funding, national strategies and company activity for Italy and the world, but none of its figures is available to the portal.", "value": "Not available", "geography": "Italy, with worldwide context", "reference_period": "2024", "technology": "Quantum computing and communication", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "Osservatori Digital Innovation, Politecnico di Milano, The national and international scenario of Quantum Computing & Communication (2024 research, fourth edition of the Observatory). Report page, description and access notice.", "url": "https://www.osservatori.net/report/quantum-computing-communication/national-international-scenario-quantum-computing-communication/" } ], "report_figures_all_quantum": [ { "id": "quantera-2023-national-programmes", "statement": "Ten of the countries QuantERA surveyed in 2023 confirmed a national funding programme or strategy for quantum technologies: Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Latvia, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.", "value": "10 countries", "geography": "QuantERA member countries (31 EU Member States and associated countries)", "reference_period": "2023", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "QuantERA, Quantum Technologies Public Policies in Europe (Second edition, 2023). Printed page 16, PDF page 16, Key findings, National policies, National QT strategies and initiatives.", "url": "https://quantera.eu/wp-content/uploads/Quantum-Technologies-Public-Policies-Report-%E2%80%93-2023.pdf" }, { "id": "quantera-2023-rrf-programmes", "statement": "Five surveyed countries funded quantum research through their national recovery and resilience programmes in 2023: Austria, Germany, Italy, Latvia and Spain.", "value": "5 countries", "geography": "QuantERA member countries (31 EU Member States and associated countries)", "reference_period": "2023", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "QuantERA, Quantum Technologies Public Policies in Europe (Second edition, 2023). Printed page 16, PDF page 16, Key findings, QT programmes within national recovery and resilience programmes, footnote 8.", "url": "https://quantera.eu/wp-content/uploads/Quantum-Technologies-Public-Policies-Report-%E2%80%93-2023.pdf" }, { "id": "quantera-2026-programme-funding", "statement": "QuantERA's calls of 2017, 2019, 2021, 2023 and 2025 add up to a funding budget of more than EUR 170 million and 140 projects recommended for funding.", "value": "over EUR 170 M (140 projects) (EUR million)", "geography": "QuantERA participating countries", "reference_period": "2017-2025", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "QuantERA, Funded Projects (Web page as read on 22 October 2026 (calls 2017 to 2025)). Projects funded by QuantERA, Second paragraph.", "url": "https://quantera.eu/quantera-funded-projects/" }, { "id": "oecd-epo-2025-policy-countries", "statement": "More than 30 countries have tailored policies for quantum technologies, including 18 OECD countries with comprehensive national quantum strategies.", "value": "over 30 countries (18 OECD countries with comprehensive strategies)", "geography": "Worldwide", "reference_period": "2025", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "OECD and European Patent Office, Mapping the global quantum ecosystem (December 2025). Printed page 2, PDF page 2, Forewords, Foreword by the OECD Secretary-General.", "url": "https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/12/mapping-the-global-quantum-ecosystem_47891dd2/20251217-0001.pdf" }, { "id": "oecd-epo-2025-quantum-rd-share", "statement": "Quantum's share of public R&D project funding in the OECD Fundstat database rose from about 0.4% in 2015 to 1.1% in 2023, after a peak of 1.2% in 2022.", "value": "approximately 0.4% in 2015 to 1.1% by 2023", "geography": "19 OECD countries and EU programmes in OECD Fundstat", "reference_period": "2015-2023", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "OECD and European Patent Office, Mapping the global quantum ecosystem (December 2025). Printed page 23, PDF page 23, Executive summary, 6. R&D-focused public policies, Figure E11 and its notes.", "url": "https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/12/mapping-the-global-quantum-ecosystem_47891dd2/20251217-0001.pdf" }, { "id": "qedc-2026-public-commitments", "statement": "QED-C estimates public funding commitments for quantum research and innovation at about USD 56.7 billion worldwide, after a rise of more than USD 12.7 billion in a year.", "value": "an estimated $56.7 billion (USD billion)", "geography": "Worldwide", "reference_period": "end of 2025", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Estimate", "citation": "Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), managed by SRI International, Global Quantum Computing Market to Double by 2028 (press release on the State of the Global Quantum Industry 2026) (Press release of 14 April 2026). Press release of 14 April 2026, Paragraph on public funding commitments.", "url": "https://quantumconsortium.org/global-quantum-computing-market-to-double/" }, { "id": "oecd-epo-2025-government-commitments", "statement": "The OECD and EPO report, citing QURECA, puts government commitments to quantum science and technology at about USD 55.7 billion worldwide since 2013, as of July 2025, and warns that such totals rest on announcements.", "value": "an estimated USD 55.7 billion", "geography": "Worldwide", "reference_period": "2013-2025-07", "technology": "Quantum science and technology", "kind": "Estimate", "citation": "OECD and European Patent Office, Mapping the global quantum ecosystem (December 2025). Printed page 117, PDF page 117, 8.2 Government funding, Second column, first paragraph.", "url": "https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/12/mapping-the-global-quantum-ecosystem_47891dd2/20251217-0001.pdf" }, { "id": "qedc-2026-venture-capital", "statement": "QED-C counts USD 4.9 billion of private venture capital invested in the quantum industry in 2025, more than double the previous record; most of it went to companies in the United States.", "value": "$4.9 billion (USD billion)", "geography": "Worldwide", "reference_period": "2025", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Estimate", "citation": "Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), managed by SRI International, Global Quantum Computing Market to Double by 2028 (press release on the State of the Global Quantum Industry 2026) (Press release of 14 April 2026). Press release of 14 April 2026, Paragraph on public funding and venture capital.", "url": "https://quantumconsortium.org/global-quantum-computing-market-to-double/" }, { "id": "oecd-epo-2025-epc-patent-families", "statement": "Applicants in the European Patent Convention member states hold 2,193 international quantum patent families from 2005 to 2024, second to the United States with 3,330.", "value": "2,193 (patent families)", "geography": "European Patent Convention member states (not the EU27)", "reference_period": "2005-2024", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "OECD and European Patent Office, Mapping the global quantum ecosystem (December 2025). Printed page 44, PDF page 44, 3.3.1 Country relevance in quantum innovation, Text beside Figure 3.3.1, Panel B.", "url": "https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/12/mapping-the-global-quantum-ecosystem_47891dd2/20251217-0001.pdf" }, { "id": "oecd-epo-2025-eu-patent-families", "statement": "The report charts an All EU bar for quantum patent families, but states no EU27 count in its text; the value is not available here.", "value": "Not available", "geography": "EU27", "reference_period": "2005-2024", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "OECD and European Patent Office, Mapping the global quantum ecosystem (December 2025). Printed page 44, PDF page 44, 3.3.1 Country relevance in quantum innovation, Figure 3.3.1, Panel A, All EU bar.", "url": "https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/12/mapping-the-global-quantum-ecosystem_47891dd2/20251217-0001.pdf" }, { "id": "qedc-2026-organisations", "statement": "QED-C identified 7,418 quantum-engaged organisations worldwide at the end of 2025, 556 of them pure-play quantum companies.", "value": "7,418 (organisations)", "geography": "Worldwide", "reference_period": "end of 2025", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), managed by SRI International, Global Quantum Computing Market to Double by 2028 (press release on the State of the Global Quantum Industry 2026) (Press release of 14 April 2026). Press release of 14 April 2026, Paragraph on organisations.", "url": "https://quantumconsortium.org/global-quantum-computing-market-to-double/" }, { "id": "oecd-epo-2025-job-postings", "statement": "Quantum-related job postings concentrate on technical and research occupations: computer science 26%, science and research 25%, education and training 10%; business, marketing and sales together stay under 10%.", "value": "26%", "geography": "Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States", "reference_period": "2024", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Observation", "citation": "OECD and European Patent Office, Mapping the global quantum ecosystem (December 2025). Printed page 19, PDF page 19, Executive summary, 4. High technological complexity and skill requirements, First column, second paragraph.", "url": "https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/12/mapping-the-global-quantum-ecosystem_47891dd2/20251217-0001.pdf" }, { "id": "qedc-2026-pure-play-workforce", "statement": "QED-C estimates the worldwide workforce of pure-play quantum companies at nearly 16,500 people in 2025, about 2,000 more than a year earlier.", "value": "nearly 16,500 (people)", "geography": "Worldwide", "reference_period": "2025", "technology": "Quantum technologies", "kind": "Estimate", "citation": "Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), managed by SRI International, Global Quantum Computing Market to Double by 2028 (press release on the State of the Global Quantum Industry 2026) (Press release of 14 April 2026). Press release of 14 April 2026, Paragraph on the workforce.", "url": "https://quantumconsortium.org/global-quantum-computing-market-to-double/" } ] }, "gaps": [ "Patent counts are published documents in a CPC group, not patent families, and no applicant country is available from the search used; the families of companies come from organisation lookups and are not a census.", "Supplier relationships are not documented: companies are participants of EU-funded projects, not verified suppliers, and no customer or supplier link is inferred.", "Projects are assigned to a technology by keywords (a pillar suggestion pending editorial review, or words of the title), so some projects are missed or misplaced.", "Funding covers EU programmes (CORDIS, Funding & Tenders) and the national sources the portal holds; national programmes outside them, private investment and payments are not included.", "No production location, capacity, market share or ranking of countries or actors is shown: the sources used do not establish them.", "Research output (publications) by technology is not collected: the portal counts publications by country for quantum as a whole only." ] }