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Ownership changes in European quantum

A factual record of completed and announced acquisitions and majority-stake purchases, each from the sources named with the date read: official sources (a release of the acquirer or the target, a filing or a screening decision), or a named press source where no official one could be read, then marked partly verified. Announced deals that are not completed are listed apart with their status. It contains no prediction, rumour or rating, and it is not exhaustive.

Which quantum-technology companies changed hands since 2018: European companies bought by acquirers inside and outside Europe, acquisitions by European companies, and the deals of the most active acquirers worldwide. Regions: EU, EEA outside the EU, United Kingdom and Switzerland count as Europe.

Completed deals recorded
41
Verified from an official source
30
Partly verified
11
European targets bought from outside Europe
11
Bought by European acquirers
11
Announced, abandoned or blocked (listed apart)
2
Sources last checked
2026-10-26

European companies bought from outside Europe

Completed deals where the target is in Europe and the acquirer is not, counted from the recorded deals only.

2018: 11812019: 01902020: 02002021: 12112022: 22222023: 02302024: 12412025: 22522026: 4264
Per year of completion
YearDeals
20181
20190
20200
20211
20222
20230
20241
20252
20264
By country of the acquirer
Acquirer countryDeals
United States6
Israel3
Japan1
South Korea1
By segment
SegmentDeals
Control and readout electronics, test and measurement2
QKD, quantum networking and memories2
Quantum software and algorithms2
Cryogenics and dilution refrigerators1
Photonics, lasers and detectors1
Post-quantum cryptography and quantum-safe security1
Quantum computers and processors1
Quantum sensing, clocks and navigation1

Most active acquirers

Acquirers with two or more completed deals in this record, most deals first. Counts of recorded deals, not of all deals.

Acquirers and the companies they bought, newest first
AcquirerCountryDealsEuropean targetsTargets
IonQUnited States112SkyWater, Nexus Photonics, Seed Innovations, Skyloom, Vector Atomic, Oxford Ionics, Capella Space, Lightsynq, ID Quantique, Qubitekk, Entangled Networks
QCiUnited States40NHanced Semiconductors, Luminar Semiconductor, NuCrypt, QPhoton
PasqalFrance32Aeponyx, My Cryo Firm, Qu&Co
Quantum MachinesIsrael33QHarbor, PCB Design, QDevil
InfleqtionUnited States20Morton Photonics, Super.tech
Quantum DesignUnited States22Oxford NanoScience, Qnami
SandboxAQUnited States21Good Chemistry, Cryptosense
SEALSQSwitzerland22Miraex, IC'Alps

Filter the deals

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Timeline of completed deals

41 completed deals match.

  1. 2026

  2. 2025

  3. 2024

  4. 2023

  5. 2022

  6. 2021

  7. 2019

    • announced 2019-07-11, closing date not published Rigetti (United States) acquired QxBranch (United States) details QxBranch
  8. 2018

Deals with their sources

  • IonQ and SkyWater

    Verified Completion release (also filed as 8-K Ex. 99.1) dated 31 Jul 2026. Per-share consideration only: '$15.00 in cash and 0.4883 shares of IonQ common stock for each share of SkyWater common stock'; no aggregate value read in an official source, so value=null (news cite ~USD 1.8bn). 28 Jul 2026 release reports regulatory approval incl. early termination of US review. Announcement (Jan 2026) date not read in an official release.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    SkyWater (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-07-31
    Stake
    merger; SkyWater to operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of IonQ (per 28 Jul 2026 release)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Chips, materials, vacuum and fabrication: US semiconductor foundry (Trusted Foundry), providing IonQ a secure quantum foundry

    Sources:

    • IonQ, Inc. (8-K Ex. 99.1) Regulatory filing; First paragraph: today completed its acquisition of SkyWater Technology; read 2026-10-26
    • IonQ Acquirer release; Dateline 31 Jul 2026; consideration paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • IonQ, Inc. (8-K Ex. 99.1) Regulatory filing; 28 Jul 2026 release on regulatory approval; 'wholly owned subsidiary' wording; read 2026-10-26
  • IonQ and Nexus Photonics

    Verified Closing date and consideration from IonQ Q2 2026 10-Q business-combinations note. No press release read.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Nexus Photonics (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-06-30
    Stake
    acquired Nexus Photonics, Inc. (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    for approximately $76.0 million of total consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Photonics, lasers and detectors: integrated photonics supporting quantum computing, networking and sensing

    Sources:

  • QCi and NHanced Semiconductors

    Verified 8-K Ex. 99.1 dated 23 Jun 2026 announces completion; completed = release date.

    Acquirer
    QCi (United States) [North America]
    Target
    NHanced Semiconductors (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-06-23
    Stake
    will operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of QCi
    Published value
    for a combination of cash and QCi stock valued at $73.1 million, subject to customary adjustments ... up to an additional $72.0 million if certain performance targets are achieved (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): advanced semiconductor packaging, chiplets, photonic-device integration

    Sources:

  • SEALSQ and Miraex

    Verified SEALSQ release dated 2 Jun 2026; completed = release date. Letter of intent announced 24 Mar 2026 (SEALSQ news archive). Price not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    SEALSQ (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Target
    Miraex (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-06-02
    Stake
    acquired entire issued share capital of Miraex SA
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    QKD, quantum networking and memories: photonic quantum interconnects (microwave-to-optical transduction, thin-film lithium tantalate PICs)

    Sources:

    • SEALSQ Acquirer release; First paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • SEALSQ Acquirer release; 24 Mar 2026 entry: letter of intent to acquire 100% of Miraex; read 2026-10-26
  • Quantum Machines and QHarbor

    Partly verified Quantum Machines press release page returned 403; read Tech.eu report of 5 May 2026 ('today announced the acquisition of Dutch company QHarbor'). Terms not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    Quantum Machines (Israel) [Rest of the world]
    Target
    QHarbor (Netherlands) [European Union]
    Announced
    2026-05-05
    Completed
    announced 2026-05-05, closing date not published
    Stake
    acquisition of Dutch company QHarbor (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum measurement-data management and software-defined experimentation platform (TU Delft spin-off)

    Sources:

    • Tech.eu News report (second source only); Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • Quantum Machines Acquirer release; Not readable (HTTP 403); listed for reference; read 2026-10-26
  • QCi and Luminar Semiconductor

    Verified 8-K Ex. 99.1 dated 2 Feb 2026 announces completion; completed = release date. Target is photonics (not quantum) bought by a quantum/photonics company.

    Acquirer
    QCi (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Luminar Semiconductor (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-02-02
    Stake
    LSI will operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of QCi
    Published value
    in an all-cash transaction valued at $110 million (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): photonic components: lasers, detectors, advanced packaging

    Sources:

  • IonQ and Seed Innovations

    Verified 8-K states completion on 30 Jan 2026 (Membership Interest Purchase Agreement dated 20 Jan 2026); consideration from Q2 2026 10-Q. Target is not itself a quantum company; included as a deal by a serial quantum acquirer.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Seed Innovations (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-01-30
    Stake
    all equity interests in Seed Innovations, LLC
    Published value
    for approximately $30.1 million of total consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): software and machine-learning R&D

    Sources:

  • IonQ and Skyloom

    Verified 8-K (filed for event 26 Jan 2026) states completion on 26 Jan 2026 and merger agreement dated 6 Nov 2025; consideration from Q2 2026 10-Q business-combinations note.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Skyloom (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2026-01-26
    Stake
    acquired Skyloom Global Corp. (merger agreement dated 6 Nov 2025; percentage not stated)
    Published value
    for approximately $188.5 million of total consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): free-space optical (laser) communications, photonic systems engineering, secure data transmission

    Sources:

  • D-Wave and Quantum Circuits

    Verified Agreement release 7 Jan 2026 and completion release 20 Jan 2026, both filed as 8-K exhibits. stake_percent 100 inferred from merger structure.

    Acquirer
    D-Wave (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Quantum Circuits (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    2026-01-07
    Completed
    2026-01-20
    Stake
    merger agreement under which D-Wave will acquire Quantum Circuits
    Published value
    for a purchase price of $550 million, consisting of $300 million in D-Wave common stock and $250 million in cash (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Quantum computers and processors: error-corrected superconducting gate-model quantum computers (dual-rail qubits)

    Sources:

  • Quantum Design and Oxford NanoScience

    Verified Quantum Design release dated 2 Jan 2026 announces 'the completion of the acquisition'; completed = release date (exact closing date not stated). Agreement and price from Oxford Instruments release of 10 Jun 2025. Business now operates as Quantum Design Oxford.

    Acquirer
    Quantum Design (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Oxford NanoScience (United Kingdom) [United Kingdom]
    Announced
    2025-06-10
    Completed
    2026-01-02
    Stake
    sale of the quantum-focused NanoScience business (business sale)
    Published value
    £60m total cash consideration, including up to £3m of deferred consideration linked to future revenues from quantum scaling systems (Target release)
    Segment
    Cryogenics and dilution refrigerators: dilution refrigerators, sub-kelvin cryostats and high-field superconducting magnets

    Sources:

    • Quantum Design Acquirer release; Dateline San Diego, 2 Jan 2026, first sentence; read 2026-10-26
    • Oxford Instruments plc Target release; First paragraphs: binding agreement, consideration, expected completion Q3 FY2025/26; read 2026-10-26
  • QCi and NuCrypt

    Verified QCi release of 11 May 2026 (8-K Ex. 99.1) states completion in March 2026 (day not stated in the source read; QCR archive lists 5 Mar 2026).

    Acquirer
    QCi (United States) [North America]
    Target
    NuCrypt (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    Stake
    QCi completed the acquisition of NuCrypt, LLC (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    in a transaction valued at $5 million (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    QKD, quantum networking and memories: quantum communications technology

    Sources:

  • Quantum Design and Qnami

    Partly verified No release of the acquirer or the target could be read (the Venture Kick and Venturelab pages answered HTTP 503; htgf.de is not used under its robots.txt content signal). News reports of 3 to 9 June 2026 state the acquisition as made. Terms not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    Quantum Design (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Qnami (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    June 2026
    Stake
    Qnami has been acquired by Quantum Design (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum sensing, clocks and navigation: diamond NV-centre quantum sensing and scanning probe microscopy

    Sources:

    • chemeurope.com (LUMITOS AG) News report (second source only); News item of 9 June 2026: Qnami has been acquired by Quantum Design International; read 2026-10-26
    • Quantum Computing Report News report (second source only); Entry of 3 Jun 2026; read 2026-10-26
  • Quantum Machines and PCB Design

    Partly verified Read the Quantum Machines announcement as republished by I-Connect007 (dated 25 Jun 2026); Quantum Computing Report archive lists it on 17 Jun 2026. Exact announcement/closing date not confirmed on the acquirer's own site. Value not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    Quantum Machines (Israel) [Rest of the world]
    Target
    PCB Design (Hungary) [European Union]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    June 2026
    Stake
    acquisition of Hungarian company PCB Engineering/PCB Design (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Control and readout electronics, test and measurement: high-speed, high-density electronic hardware design (for quantum control systems); Budapest R&D hub

    Sources:

  • IonQ and Vector Atomic

    Verified Closing date and consideration from IonQ FY2025 10-K Note 3.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Vector Atomic (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2025-10-02
    Stake
    acquired Vector Atomic, Inc. (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    the Company acquired Vector Atomic, Inc. ("Vector Atomic") for approximately $181.5 million of stock consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Quantum sensing, clocks and navigation: quantum sensing (atomic clocks and sensors)

    Sources:

  • IonQ and Oxford Ionics

    Verified IonQ FY2025 10-K Note 3 gives closing 16 Sep 2025 and total consideration (accounting fair value; differs from the ~USD 1.075bn headline reported in news at announcement, which was not read in an official source). 10-K Item 5 cites a Share Purchase Agreement dated 7 June 2025; public announcement date not read officially, so announced=null. Completion press release dated 17 Sep 2025.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Oxford Ionics (United Kingdom) [United Kingdom]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2025-09-16
    Stake
    acquired Oxford Ionics Limited (percentage not stated in sources read)
    Published value
    the Company acquired Oxford Ionics Limited ("Oxford Ionics") for approximately $1,589.7 million of total consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Quantum computers and processors: trapped-ion quantum computing (ion traps manufactured on standard semiconductor chips)

    Sources:

    • IonQ, Inc. (SEC 10-K FY2025) Regulatory filing; Note 3 Business Combinations, Oxford Ionics paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • IonQ, Inc. (8-K Ex. 99.1) Regulatory filing; First paragraph: announced the successful completion of its acquisition of Oxford Ionics; read 2026-10-26
    • IonQ Acquirer release; Dateline 17 Sep 2025, first paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • SEALSQ and IC'Alps

    Verified SEALSQ release of 4 Aug 2025: completion after final approval from the French Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty (French FDI control). Target confirms 100% ownership. Target is not itself a quantum company; acquirer is a post-quantum semiconductor company.

    Acquirer
    SEALSQ (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Target
    IC'Alps (France) [European Union]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2025-08-04
    Stake
    100% of the share capital and voting rights of IC'ALPS SAS
    Published value
    a total fixed purchase price of EUR 12.5 million, payable in a combination of cash and SEALSQ shares (plus earn-out of up to EUR 4 million in shares) (Acquirer release)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): ASIC/SoC design services (for SEALSQ post-quantum secure chips)

    Sources:

    • SEALSQ Acquirer release; First paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • IC'Alps Target release; Opening sentence; read 2026-10-26
  • IonQ and Capella Space

    Verified Closing date and consideration from IonQ FY2025 10-K Note 3; 10-K Item 5 cites the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated 7 May 2025.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Capella Space (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2025-07-11
    Stake
    acquired Capella Space Corp. (merger; percentage not stated)
    Published value
    the Company acquired Capella Space Corp. ("Capella") for approximately $424.8 million of total consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): satellite platform (synthetic aperture radar); acquired for space-based quantum key distribution networks

    Sources:

  • Pasqal and Aeponyx

    Verified Pasqal release of 3 Jun 2025 announces the acquisition as done. Search results attribute to Pasqal SEC registration filings an acquisition of 100% on 29 Jul 2024 with a post-closing Canadian national-security review completed March 2025, but those filings exceeded fetch size and were not read, so completed=null.

    Acquirer
    Pasqal (France) [European Union]
    Target
    Aeponyx (Canada) [North America]
    Announced
    2025-06-03
    Completed
    announced 2025-06-03, closing date not published
    Stake
    announced the acquisition of AEPONYX (percentage not stated in release)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Photonics, lasers and detectors: photonic integrated circuits (silicon nitride + MEMS) for neutral-atom qubit control

    Sources:

    • Pasqal Acquirer release; Dateline Paris, 3 Jun 2025, first paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • IonQ and Lightsynq

    Verified Closing date and consideration from IonQ FY2025 10-K Note 3.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Lightsynq (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2025-05-30
    Stake
    acquired Lightsynq Technologies Inc. (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    the Company acquired Lightsynq Technologies Inc. ("Lightsynq") for approximately $306.2 million of total consideration (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    QKD, quantum networking and memories: quantum memory and photonic interconnects for quantum networking

    Sources:

  • IonQ and ID Quantique

    Verified Closing date, stake and consideration from IonQ FY2025 10-K Note 3. IonQ completion press release dated 6 May 2025. Definitive agreements were announced in February 2025 (day not read in an official source). Seller of the majority stake was SK Telecom (see separate 2018 entry).

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    ID Quantique (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2025-04-30
    Stake
    controlling stake, approximately 86% at closing; increased to approximately 91% after an additional purchase in July 2025
    Published value
    the Company acquired a controlling stake in id Quantique SA ("IDQ") for approximately $116.2 million (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    QKD, quantum networking and memories: quantum key distribution systems, quantum random number generators, single-photon detectors

    Sources:

    • IonQ, Inc. (SEC 10-K FY2025) Regulatory filing; Note 3 Business Combinations, IDQ paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • IonQ Acquirer release; First paragraph: completion of its acquisition of a controlling stake in ID Quantique; read 2026-10-26
  • IonQ and Qubitekk

    Verified 10-K Note 3 gives closing 27 Dec 2024; IonQ press release announcing completion is dated 6 Jan 2025. Asset acquisition structure per IonQ release.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Qubitekk (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2024-12-27
    Stake
    substantially all of the assets of Qubitekk, Inc.
    Published value
    the Company acquired Qubitekk Federal, LLC ("Qubitekk") for total consideration of approximately $22.1 million in cash (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    QKD, quantum networking and memories: quantum networking (entangled-photon systems)

    Sources:

    • IonQ, Inc. (SEC 10-K FY2025) Regulatory filing; Note 3 Business Combinations, 2024 acquisition (Qubitekk); read 2026-10-26
    • IonQ Acquirer release; First paragraph: completion of its acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Qubitekk, Inc.; read 2026-10-26
  • Kipu Quantum and PlanQK

    Partly verified Only Tech.eu report of 11 Jul 2024 read ('Kipu Quantum has acquired the German quantum computing platform PlanQK, built and commercialised by Anaqor AG'). Platform/asset acquisition, not a share deal. Terms not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    Kipu Quantum (Germany) [European Union]
    Target
    PlanQK (Germany) [European Union]
    Announced
    2024-07-11
    Completed
    announced 2024-07-11, closing date not published
    Stake
    acquisition of the PlanQK platform (asset deal), key team members joined
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum computing software/application platform

    Sources:

    • Tech.eu News report (second source only); Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • Hamamatsu Photonics and NKT Photonics

    Verified Hamamatsu TSE disclosure of 31 May 2024 states PME 'has completed the procedure for acquiring all shares'; the price (incl. net debt) rose from approx. EUR 205m announced on 24 Jun 2022 to approx. EUR 247m. Danish FDI: rejected 2 May 2023, re-filed 20 Jul 2023, approved by notice of 6 May 2024 (see notes). NKT/press state integration effective 1 Jun 2024.

    Acquirer
    Hamamatsu Photonics (Japan) [Asia and Pacific]
    Target
    NKT Photonics (Denmark) [European Union]
    Announced
    2022-06-24
    Completed
    2024-05-31
    Stake
    acquiring all shares (sub-subsidiary of Hamamatsu)
    Published value
    the acquisition price has become approximately 247 million euros (approximately 42,094 million yen*) (Stock exchange notice)
    Segment
    Photonics, lasers and detectors: fibre lasers, photonic crystal fibres and laser components (incl. lasers used in quantum technology)

    Sources:

  • ORCA Computing and GXC photonics division

    Partly verified Only Tech.eu report of 30 Jan 2024 read; ORCA release on Business Wire not fetchable. Terms not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    ORCA Computing (United Kingdom) [United Kingdom]
    Target
    GXC photonics division (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    2024-01-30
    Completed
    announced 2024-01-30, closing date not published
    Stake
    acquisition of the division (assets, IP, team); not a share purchase
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Photonics, lasers and detectors: integrated photonics (hybrid photonic materials) for photonic quantum computing

    Sources:

    • Tech.eu News report (second source only); Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • Infleqtion and Morton Photonics

    Verified Infleqtion audited financial statements (8-K/A Ex. 99.1). Filing notes the business was later impaired.

    Acquirer
    Infleqtion (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Morton Photonics (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2024-01-25
    Stake
    acquired 100% of the equity of Morton
    Published value
    The acquisition date fair value purchase consideration of $3.9 million consisted of $2.6 million of cash, ... (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Photonics, lasers and detectors: silicon-photonics components and hybrid lasers

    Sources:

  • SandboxAQ and Good Chemistry

    Verified SandboxAQ post dated 9 Jan 2024 states 'SandboxAQ has acquired Good Chemistry'; completed = announcement date. Value not officially disclosed (WSJ-sourced ~USD 75m not used).

    Acquirer
    SandboxAQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Good Chemistry (Canada) [North America]
    Announced
    2024-01-09
    Completed
    2024-01-09
    Stake
    has acquired Good Chemistry (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: computational chemistry software (QEMIST Cloud, Tangelo) with quantum-computing pathway

    Sources:

    • SandboxAQ Acquirer release; Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • Bluefors and Cryomech

    Verified Bluefors release dated 28 Mar 2023 announces completion 'today'; intention announced 28 Feb 2023 (Bluefors release via PR Newswire). Price not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    Bluefors (Finland) [European Union]
    Target
    Cryomech (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    2023-02-28
    Completed
    2023-03-28
    Stake
    completion of its acquisition of Cryomech (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Cryogenics and dilution refrigerators: cryocoolers (pulse-tube) used in dilution refrigerators for quantum computing

    Sources:

  • IonQ and Entangled Networks

    Verified IonQ blog post dated 6 Feb 2023 states IonQ acquired Entangled Networks Ltd. (asset deal); no closing date given. News reports date the announcement to January 2023 (not used for dates). Value not disclosed. Date of the IonQ blog post announcing the acquisition.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Entangled Networks (Canada) [North America]
    Announced
    2023-02-06
    Completed
    announced 2023-02-06, closing date not published
    Stake
    deal to acquire the company's assets; team joined IonQ
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: networking technologies and compilers for distributed/modular quantum systems

    Sources:

    • IonQ Acquirer release; Opening paragraphs: 'As part of the deal to acquire the company's assets'; read 2026-10-26
  • Groupe Gorgé and iXblue

    Verified Exail release dated 29 Sep 2022; completed = release date. Included because iXblue held the Muquans quantum-sensing business; target is not a pure-play quantum company.

    Acquirer
    Groupe Gorgé (France) [European Union]
    Target
    iXblue (France) [European Union]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2022-09-29
    Stake
    completes the acquisition of iXblue (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum sensing, clocks and navigation: navigation, photonics and maritime systems; owner of quantum-sensing unit from Muquans

    Sources:

    • Exail Acquirer release; Headline and first paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • SandboxAQ and Cryptosense

    Verified SandboxAQ release dated 14 Sep 2022 (dateline Paris and Palo Alto) states the acquisition as done; completed = date of announcement. Target country from Paris headquarters (news/registries); release itself does not state HQ.

    Acquirer
    SandboxAQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Cryptosense (France) [European Union]
    Announced
    2022-09-14
    Completed
    2022-09-14
    Stake
    announced it has acquired Cryptosense (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Post-quantum cryptography and quantum-safe security: cryptography inventory and analysis software (post-quantum cryptography migration)

    Sources:

    • SandboxAQ Acquirer release; First paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • QCi and QPhoton

    Verified 8-K Ex. 99.1 dated 16 Jun 2022 announces successful completion. Consideration is in securities only; no monetary total published, so amount=null.

    Acquirer
    QCi (United States) [North America]
    Target
    QPhoton (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2022-06-16
    Stake
    QPhoton becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of QCI
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Photonics, lasers and detectors: quantum photonics / nanophotonic systems

    Sources:

  • Infleqtion and Super.tech

    Verified Infleqtion audited financial statements FY2025/2024 (8-K/A Ex. 99.1) state acquisition of 100% of Super.tech on 10 May 2022; consideration in restricted shares accounted as compensation, no value stated.

    Acquirer
    Infleqtion (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Super.tech (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2022-05-10
    Stake
    100% of the equity and voting interests
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum software (circuit optimisation, error mitigation; SuperstaQ)

    Sources:

  • Quantum Machines and QDevil

    Partly verified Quantum Machines' own press release page returned 403; read TechCrunch report dated 30 Mar 2022 ('today announced that it has acquired QDevil'). Financial terms not disclosed. Completion date not separately stated.

    Acquirer
    Quantum Machines (Israel) [Rest of the world]
    Target
    QDevil (Denmark) [European Union]
    Announced
    2022-03-30
    Completed
    announced 2022-03-30, closing date not published
    Stake
    acquired QDevil (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Control and readout electronics, test and measurement: auxiliary electronics and cryogenic components for quantum processors (QPUs)

    Sources:

    • TechCrunch News report (second source only); Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • Quantum Machines Acquirer release; Not readable (HTTP 403); listed for reference; read 2026-10-26
  • Pasqal and My Cryo Firm

    Partly verified CFNEWS (27 Jan 2023) states Pasqal bought My Cryo Firm in summer 2022; Quantum Internet Alliance page lists My Cryo Firm as part of Pasqal. No official Pasqal source read.

    Acquirer
    Pasqal (France) [European Union]
    Target
    My Cryo Firm (France) [European Union]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    summer 2022
    Stake
    acquired (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Cryogenics and dilution refrigerators: closed-cycle cryostats for quantum technologies

    Sources:

    • CFNEWS News report (second source only); Paragraph on external growth; read 2026-10-26
    • Quantum Internet Alliance News report (second source only); Heading 'My Cryo Firm (Pasqal)'; read 2026-10-26
  • Pasqal and Qu&Co

    Partly verified No official Pasqal release could be fetched. EE Times Europe (Mar 2022) describes the companies as merging; CFNEWS (27 Jan 2023) describes Qu&Co as bought 'a year ago'. Announcement widely reported as January 2022 (exact date not read in a fetchable source).

    Acquirer
    Pasqal (France) [European Union]
    Target
    Qu&Co (Netherlands) [European Union]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2022 (a year before 27 January 2023, per the CFNEWS report)
    Stake
    merger; combined company operates as Pasqal, headquartered in Paris
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum algorithms and software

    Sources:

    • EE Times Europe News report (second source only); Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
    • CFNEWS News report (second source only); Paragraph on external growth (rachats de Qu & Co et My Cryo Firm); read 2026-10-26
  • Honeywell and Cambridge Quantum

    Verified Honeywell release dated 30 Nov 2021: HQS and CQ 'received regulatory approval and completed the previously announced business combination'. Percentage not stated on the page (press reports ~54%). Announcement date (June 2021) not read in an official source.

    Acquirer
    Honeywell (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Cambridge Quantum (United Kingdom) [United Kingdom]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2021-11-30
    Stake
    business combination; Honeywell 'now owns a majority stake in Quantinuum'
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum software, algorithms and quantum cybersecurity (combined with trapped-ion hardware business)

    Sources:

    • Honeywell Acquirer release; First paragraph (completion) and ownership paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • Rohde & Schwarz and Zurich Instruments

    Verified Rohde & Schwarz press release (6 Jul 2021) distributed by news aktuell/Presseportal: 'The July 1, 2021 acquisition of Zurich Instruments AG'. Value not disclosed. The R&S-hosted copy URL returned 404. The release is dated 6 July 2021, after the closing on 1 July 2021, so no separate announcement date is recorded.

    Acquirer
    Rohde & Schwarz (Germany) [European Union]
    Target
    Zurich Instruments (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2021-07-01
    Stake
    to be run as a full subsidiary
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Control and readout electronics, test and measurement: test and measurement instruments incl. quantum computing control systems, lock-in amplifiers

    Sources:

  • Keysight and Quantum Benchmark

    Partly verified Keysight newsroom not fetchable; read Microwave Journal report of the 25 May 2021 release. Terms not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    Keysight (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Quantum Benchmark (Canada) [North America]
    Announced
    2021-05-25
    Completed
    announced 2021-05-25, closing date not published
    Stake
    announced it has acquired Quantum Benchmark (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum error diagnostics, error suppression and performance validation software

    Sources:

    • Microwave Journal News report (second source only); Opening sentence; read 2026-10-26
  • iXblue and Muquans

    Partly verified Official iXblue/Exail release of 20 May 2021 announces the acquisition of Kylia and Muquans but does not confirm closing; no completion source found. Terms not disclosed.

    Acquirer
    iXblue (France) [European Union]
    Target
    Muquans (France) [European Union]
    Announced
    2021-05-20
    Completed
    announced 2021-05-20, closing date not published
    Stake
    announces the acquisition (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum sensing, clocks and navigation: cold-atom quantum sensors (quantum gravimeter, atomic clock), frequency transfer, lasers

    Sources:

  • Rigetti and QxBranch

    Partly verified Only news read (SiliconANGLE, 11 Jul 2019); no Rigetti release fetched. Value not disclosed. QxBranch had offices in Washington DC, Adelaide and London per news.

    Acquirer
    Rigetti (United States) [North America]
    Target
    QxBranch (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    2019-07-11
    Completed
    announced 2019-07-11, closing date not published
    Stake
    acquisition of a startup called QxBranch Inc. (percentage not stated)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum software and algorithms: quantum computing applications and data-analytics software

    Sources:

    • SiliconANGLE News report (second source only); Opening paragraph; read 2026-10-26
  • SK Telecom and ID Quantique

    Verified SK Telecom Form 6-K (2019 annual business report) Section 2.D item (25). A later 6-K reportedly gives cash consideration of KRW 55,249 million and a later increase to 65.6%, but that filing was not read, so value=null.

    Acquirer
    SK Telecom (South Korea) [Asia and Pacific]
    Target
    ID Quantique (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    2018-04-30
    Stake
    acquired an additional 41,157,506 shares; owns a total of 58.1% (44,157,506 shares) and has acquired control
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    QKD, quantum networking and memories: quantum key distribution, quantum random number generators, single-photon detectors

    Sources:

    • SK Telecom Co., Ltd. (SEC Form 6-K) Regulatory filing; Section 2 Company History, D. Mergers, Acquisitions and Restructuring, item (25) Acquisition of shares of id Quantique SA; read 2026-10-26

Announced, abandoned or blocked deals

Deals that were announced officially but are not completed, or were abandoned or blocked, with their status and the date of that status. They are never counted above.

  • IonQ and Elisity

    Verified Expected to close in Q4 2026, subject to regulatory approval.

    Acquirer
    IonQ (United States) [North America]
    Target
    Elisity (United States) [North America]
    Announced
    2026-10-12
    Completed
    not completed
    Stake
    definitive agreement to acquire Elisity, Inc.
    Published value
    all-stock transaction valued at up to $1.3 billion, including up to $150 million in earnout opportunity (Regulatory filing)
    Segment
    Adjacent technology bought by a quantum company (not quantum): zero-trust network security
    Status
    Announced, not completed (2026-10-12)

    Sources:

  • SEALSQ and Quobly

    Verified Parties 'mutually agreed to halt discussions regarding a potential majority investment or acquisition of Quobly by SEALSQ'; SEALSQ later announced a lead-investor (minority) role in Quobly's Series A (3 Jun 2026 release title). MOU date (mid-January 2026) per news, not read officially.

    Acquirer
    SEALSQ (Switzerland) [Switzerland]
    Target
    Quobly (France) [European Union]
    Announced
    not stated in the sources read
    Completed
    not completed
    Stake
    potential majority investment or acquisition (non-binding MOU, January 2026)
    Published value
    Not officially published
    Segment
    Quantum computers and processors: silicon spin-qubit quantum computing
    Status
    Abandoned (2026-02-20)

    Sources:

    • SEALSQ Acquirer release; First paragraph; read 2026-10-26

Method and sources

Completed acquisitions and majority-stake purchases involving quantum-technology companies, each read on its sources on the date given: releases of the acquirer or the target, regulatory filings (SEC EDGAR), stock exchange disclosures and official screening facts. Values appear only when the acquirer, the target or a filing published them, in the stated currency, never converted. Where no closing date is published, the date basis says whether the year comes from the release announcing the acquisition or from a period the source states. A few targets are not quantum companies but were bought by quantum companies; their segment is "adjacent technology". Organisations only; no person is named. Not exhaustive, no prediction or rating. Owner-reviewed for demonstration, 28 October 2026.

2018 to 26 October 2026. Priority: European targets (EU, EEA, United Kingdom, Switzerland), acquisitions by European companies and the main serial acquirers worldwide. Listings through mergers with listed shell companies (SPACs), minority investments and asset purchases out of administration are not acquisitions here and are listed under left out.

Verified means that an official source (a release of the acquirer or the target, a regulatory filing, a stock exchange notice or an official screening decision) was read and states the completion. Partly verified means that only the announcement or a news report could be read; the note says what is missing. A value is shown only when the acquirer, the target or a filing published it. Organisation pages are linked only when a portal organisation has the identical name.

14 deals looked for and left out, with the reason
  • Google - Atlantic Quantum (2025). Official Google blog (2 Oct 2025) says only that 'the Atlantic Quantum team is joining Google'; no acquisition, stake or closing stated in an official source.
  • IonQ - unnamed 'market intelligence business' (closed 9 Jun 2025, approx. USD 40.6m). Disclosed in IonQ 10-K Note 3 without naming the target; cannot attribute to a specific company.
  • Infleqtion - SiNoptiq, Inc. (Jan 2024). Infleqtion audited financials describe acquisition of a photonic patent license (asset acquisition), not of the company.
  • Quantum eMotion - SKV Technology (Apr 2026). Only an aggregator archive entry seen; no official source read; target country/activity unconfirmed.
  • Viewbix - Quantum X Labs (Mar 2026). Only aggregator mention; quantum-technology nature of target not established.
  • Bluefors - Rockgate (Japan, 2023). Target is a cryogenics distributor (not a quantum-technology company) and completion was not confirmed (release of 25 May 2023 only expected closing by end June 2023).
  • SEALSQ - Wecan Group majority stake (Jun 2026). Completed per SEALSQ release, but target is a KYC/compliance software company, not quantum technology.
  • M Squared Lasers (UK) assets - Novacene Photonics (Nov 2025). Administration sale of IP and certain assets reported only by news; no official source read; not a share acquisition.
  • SPAC business combinations: IQM - Real Asset Acquisition Corp; Pasqal - Bleichroeder Acquisition Corp. II; Infleqtion - Churchill Capital Corp X; Xanadu - Crane Harbor; Horizon Quantum - dMY Squared; SEEQC - Allegro Merger; Terra Quantum - Axiom Intelligence / Mountain Lake; EigenQ - Silicon Valley Acquisition Corp.. Public listings via SPAC (reverse mergers), not acquisitions of a quantum company by an operating acquirer; out of scope.
  • SEALSQ minority investments (EeroQ, Quobly Series A). Minority investments, not acquisitions or majority stakes.
  • Rigetti, Quantinuum, IQM, Alice & Bob, Quandela, Multiverse, Q-CTRL, Qblox, OQC, Riverlane as acquirers. Searched; no completed acquisition found 2018-2026 in sources checked.
  • D-Wave other acquisitions. Searched; none found other than Quantum Circuits.
  • Keysight - Labber Quantum (2019 or 2020). only a republished release read; the year and the target country are not stated consistently in the sources read.
  • Mandeville Ventures - Quantropi (announced April 2026). only a news-aggregator entry read; target outside Europe and acquirer not a quantum company.