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Quantum Technologies: Implications for European Policy - Issues for debate

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Language
en
Publisher
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)
Publication type

JRC Science for Policy report (EUR 28103 EN) by Lewis, Kramer and Travagnin, written as input to the Commission initiative that led to the Quantum Flagship. It reviews research, industrial trends and policy questions in three areas: secure communications, computing and simulation, and sensing and timing (gravitation, time, magnetic fields, chemical detection, imaging). The document replaces an earlier May 2016 version with editorial corrections.

Summary written by a portal editor from the public document; it is not AI-generated. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: Reuse policy of Commission documents (Decision 2011/833/EU). PDF p.2: © European Union, 2016. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The colophon states that all content (or all images) is © European Union; no third-party exclusion is stated.

EU role in the global quantum race

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Language
en
Publisher
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)
Publication type

Six-page JRC policy brief mapping the global quantum industry, based on company, venture capital and patent data. It reports that the EU hosts about a third of the more than 440 quantum companies identified, though these firms are generally smaller and younger than US or Chinese ones, and that China leads quantum patenting. The brief closes with recommendations on coordinating national and EU funding, scaling up firms, and investing in talent and infrastructure.

Summary written by a portal editor from the public document; it is not AI-generated. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. PDF p.6 (no reuse terms given): © European Union, 2025 Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked.

Key Performance Indicators for quantum technologies in Europe 2022

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Language
en
Publisher
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board
External URL
Publication type

Edition of the Key Performance Indicators with the values for 2022, measured early the following year by surveying the Strategic Advisory Board, the Quantum Coordination Board, the industry consortium QuIC and the Flagship coordination office. It explains how the 2030 targets and the yearly progress needed to reach them were set over several feedback rounds.

Summary written by a portal editor from the public document; it is not AI-generated. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. No reuse licence in the PDF or on qt.eu; linked only. Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked. An archive copy is kept on the portal owner's decision of 27 October 2026, as the portal succeeds qt.eu; the publisher states no reuse licence. Official source: https://qt.eu/media/pdf/KPI_booklet_2023.pdf.

Key Performance Indicators for quantum technologies in Europe 2023

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Language
en
Publisher
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board
External URL
Publication type

Edition of the Key Performance Indicators that reports the values for 2023 against the 2030 perspective of the research and innovation agenda. It treats the indicators as a living set to be revised as the technology moves fast, and covers the ecosystem, the four technology pillars and education with quantitative and qualitative assessments.

Summary written by a portal editor from the public document; it is not AI-generated. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. No reuse licence in the PDF or on qt.eu; linked only. Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked. An archive copy is kept on the portal owner's decision of 27 October 2026, as the portal succeeds qt.eu; the publisher states no reuse licence. Official source: https://qt.eu/media/pdf/KPI_booklet_2024.pdf.

Key Performance Indicators for quantum technologies in Europe 2024

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Language
en
Publisher
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board
External URL
Publication type

Annual report of the Flagship's Strategic Advisory Board on the Key Performance Indicators for quantum technologies in Europe, here with the values for 2024 and the outlook to 2030. The indicators cover six areas, the ecosystem, communication, computing, simulation, sensing and metrology, and education, with input from the Flagship's boards, community network and industry consortium.

Summary written by a portal editor from the public document; it is not AI-generated. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. No reuse licence in the PDF or on qt.eu; linked only. Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked. An archive copy is kept on the portal owner's decision of 27 October 2026, as the portal succeeds qt.eu; the publisher states no reuse licence. Official source: https://qt.eu/media/pdf/KPI_booklet_2025.pdf.

Key Inclusion Indicators for quantum technologies in Europe 2024

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Language
en
Publisher
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board, Portuguese Quantum Institute and QUCATS
External URL
Publication type

Report on the Key Inclusion Indicators proposed by the Flagship's Strategic Advisory Board, prepared with the Portuguese Quantum Institute and QUCATS. It follows three aspects: how many Member States have a dedicated and funded national quantum programme, the share of beneficiaries from widening countries in EU-funded quantum projects, and the share of women leading such projects.

Summary written by a portal editor from the public document; it is not AI-generated. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. No reuse licence in the PDF or on qt.eu; linked only. Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked. An archive copy is kept on the portal owner's decision of 27 October 2026, as the portal succeeds qt.eu; the publisher states no reuse licence. Official source: https://qt.eu/media/pdf/KII_booklet_2025.pdf.

Quantum technologies public policies report 2023

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Key points
Overview of national quantum technology policies in Europe.
Maps funding instruments from Research Funding Organisations.
Serves as a toolkit for policymakers in quantum technology.
Language
en
Publisher
QuantERA
External URL
Publication type

The Quantum Technologies Public Policies Report 2023 provides an overview of the evolving landscape of national policies and funding for quantum technologies in Europe. It highlights developments in public policies and funding instruments from various Research Funding Organisations. This report serves as a reference for policymakers aiming to advance quantum technology at both national and European levels, reflecting the collaborative efforts of the Quantum Community to enhance the European Quantum Ecosystem.

Key points

  • Overview of national quantum technology policies in Europe.
  • Maps funding instruments from Research Funding Organisations.
  • Serves as a toolkit for policymakers in quantum technology.

AI-assisted summary written from the public document. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: Publisher copyright, no reuse licence. quantera.eu footer: © Quantera; no reuse licence stated. The report is also a registered evidence source.

Systematic benchmarking of quantum computers: status and recommendations

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Key points
Benchmarking is vital for assessing quantum computer performance.
The document covers various benchmarking levels: component, system, software, HPC, and application.
Standardization is crucial for reproducibility in benchmarks.
Recommendations include developing standardized evaluation routines.
Integration of benchmarks with broader quantum technology activities is emphasized.
Language
en
Publisher
European Quantum Computing Benchmarking Coordination Committee (EQCBC)
External URL
Publication type

The document provides an extensive overview of benchmarking techniques essential for scaling quantum computing architectures. It emphasizes the importance of assessing performance across various levels, including component, system, software, HPC, and application benchmarks. The recommendations focus on developing standardized evaluation routines and integrating these benchmarks into broader quantum technology efforts. The document also highlights ongoing initiatives within the quantum computing community aimed at establishing reproducible and comparable benchmarks.

Key points

  • Benchmarking is vital for assessing quantum computer performance.
  • The document covers various benchmarking levels: component, system, software, HPC, and application.
  • Standardization is crucial for reproducibility in benchmarks.
  • Recommendations include developing standardized evaluation routines.
  • Integration of benchmarks with broader quantum technology activities is emphasized.

AI-assisted summary written from the public document. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0). arXiv abstract page: the paper is licensed CC BY 4.0. The record links to the arXiv page.

Key Performance Indicators for quantum technologies in Europe 2021

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Key points
Identified as the KPI booklet 2021.
Publication date is October 2022.
Associated with the qt.eu Key Performance Indicators working group.
Full document text was not available for analysis.
Language
en
Publisher
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board
External URL
Publication type

This document is identified as the KPI booklet 2021, published in October 2022. It is associated with the Key Performance Indicators working group on the qt.eu platform. The specific content of the document could not be automatically processed.

Key points

  • Identified as the KPI booklet 2021.
  • Publication date is October 2022.
  • Associated with the qt.eu Key Performance Indicators working group.
  • Full document text was not available for analysis.

AI-assisted summary written from the public document. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. No reuse licence in the PDF or on qt.eu; linked only. Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked. An archive copy is kept on the portal owner's decision of 27 October 2026, as the portal succeeds qt.eu; the publisher states no reuse licence. Official source: https://qt.eu/media/pdf/KPI-booklet-Update-Oct-2022.pdf.

Quantum Technologies Flagship final report of the High-Level Steering Committee

Quantum research illustration; not a photograph of this project.
Key points
Final report from the High-Level Steering Committee
Establishes framework for Quantum Technologies Flagship
Categorized under Roadmaps & Strategy
Published in June 2017
Historical document outlining strategic direction
Language
en
Publisher
Quantum Flagship High-Level Steering Committee
External URL
Publication type

The document is the final report from the High-Level Steering Committee of the Quantum Technologies Flagship. It serves as a historical record that established the framework for the Flagship initiative, detailing its objectives and strategic direction. The report is categorized under Roadmaps & Strategy and was published in June 2017, reflecting the foundational steps taken in the field of quantum technologies.

Key points

  • Final report from the High-Level Steering Committee
  • Establishes framework for Quantum Technologies Flagship
  • Categorized under Roadmaps & Strategy
  • Published in June 2017
  • Historical document outlining strategic direction

AI-assisted summary written from the public document. The original document is authoritative.

Licence: No reuse licence stated by the publisher. No reuse licence in the PDF or on qt.eu; linked only. Archive copy kept under the owner's decision of 27 October 2026 (the portal succeeds qt.eu); official source linked. An archive copy is kept on the portal owner's decision of 27 October 2026, as the portal succeeds qt.eu; the publisher states no reuse licence. Official source: https://qt.eu/media/pdf/170922_HLSC_Final_Report_online.pdf.

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