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Instrument navigator for policy makers

Decision support, not legal advice. This navigator orders options from your answers with a fixed, published rule set; it does not decide. The legal basis, the work programme, the call conditions and the Financial Regulation prevail. Check with the responsible Directorate-General, the implementing body and your legal service before choosing an instrument.

Something to do and not sure which EU instrument fits? Answer a few questions (each has "Not sure") and the navigator ranks the instruments that could do it: Horizon Europe actions and partnerships, Digital Europe, the Connecting Europe Facility, the EuroHPC and Chips Joint Undertakings, procurement procedures, pre-commercial procurement and public procurement of innovation, EIC and EIB Group finance, State aid and IPCEI, Member State-managed funds and networks. Each result says why it fits, why not, who runs it and what to read next.

Questionnaire

Answer what you know; "Not sure" never counts against an instrument. Questions that do not matter for your goal are set aside.

1. What do you want to do?

The main purpose of the action. Pick the closest; the other questions refine it.

2. How should the EU act?

Funding others (grants), buying for itself or for public authorities (procurement), investing or lending, or pooling Member States and national programmes.

3. How mature is the technology?

Technology readiness levels (TRL) as in the Horizon Europe General Annexes: 1-3 basic principles to proof of concept, 4-6 validation and demonstration in a relevant environment, 7-8 prototype in an operational environment to a qualified system, 9 proven in operation.

4. Who should do the work or receive the support?

The organisations that carry out the action or are supported.

5. How many countries take part?

Where the action takes place and who must join.

6. Will national or regional money co-fund it?

Some instruments need Member State or national co-funding; others are funded by the EU budget alone.

7. What is the order of magnitude of the money involved?

Total public money for the action, EU and national together.

8. When must it start?

Instruments that need a new work programme, a Member State agreement or a Commission decision take longer than a call already planned.

9. Must the results belong to the public buyer?

In grants the beneficiaries own the results; in procurement the buyer usually owns or uses them; in pre-commercial procurement the suppliers keep the intellectual property and the buyer gets use rights.

10. Is the subject security-sensitive?

Security-sensitive: participation may be limited to EU-controlled entities (as Horizon Europe Article 22(5) and Digital Europe Article 12 allow). Defence: military use or classified information.

Start again

Security or defence goals: the defence instruments are shown in the restricted view for Commission and Member State users.

Instruments that fit your answers

Your answers
  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants)

8 instruments fit, best first.

Fit with your answersHow well each instrument fits the answers given, in per cent of the weights it could earn; the best fit is highlighted.0%25%50%75%100%Horizon Europe RIAHorizon Europe RIA: 100%100%ERC grantERC grant: 100%100%EIC PathfinderEIC Pathfinder: 100%100%EuroHPC JU quantum grantsEuroHPC JU quantum grants: 100%100%QuantERAQuantERA: 100%100%Horizon Europe prizeHorizon Europe prize: 79%79%Programme co-fund (co-funded…Programme co-fund (co-funded partnership): 79%79%Co-programmed partnershipCo-programmed partnership: 79%79%
Show the data
Fit with your answers
ItemValue (%)
Horizon Europe RIA100%
ERC grant100%
EIC Pathfinder100%
EuroHPC JU quantum grants100%
QuantERA100%
Horizon Europe prize79%
Programme co-fund (co-funded partnership)79%
Co-programmed partnership79%

1. Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Action (RIA)

Strong fit: 100% · Horizon Europe: collaborative actions · Grant (the beneficiaries carry out and own the work)

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a primary purpose.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
Typical size
Maturity (TRL)
Who owns the results
Time to grant or contract
Legal basis
Regulation (EU) 2021/695: Article 2(32) definition, Article 22 eligibility, Article 34 funding rates, Articles 38-41 ownership, exploitation and access rights. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Articles 2(32), 22, 34, 38-41)
Who to contact
European Health and Digital Executive Agency (HaDEA) / DG CNECT for Cluster 4 digital topics; National Contact Points
Next steps
  • Check whether a topic in the current Horizon Europe work programme (or the EuroHPC JU quantum calls since 2026) covers it; a new topic needs the next work programme and the programme committee.
  • Talk to the unit in charge of the work programme part and to the national contact points.
Verification
Verified. Regulation 2021/695, Decision 2021/764, General Annexes 2026-2027 and the Cluster 4 work programme were read in full text at the cited locations; CORDIS records were read via the CORDIS JSON export. The General Annexes give no TRL range per action type.

All facts and sources for Horizon Europe RIA

2. European Research Council (ERC) grants: Starting, Consolidator, Advanced, Synergy, ERC Plus and Proof of Concept

Strong fit: 100% · Horizon Europe: researchers, excellence and widening · Grant (the beneficiaries carry out and own the work)

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a primary purpose.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
Starting, Consolidator and Synergy grants reimburse actual costs at 100% of direct costs plus a 25% flat rate for indirect costs; Advanced and ERC Plus grants are single lump sums. (ERC Work Programme 2027, Annex to Commission Decision C(2026)4907, Section 1.2, p. 14)
Typical size
Who owns the results
Time to grant or contract
Legal basis
Who to contact
European Research Council Executive Agency (ERCEA)
Next steps
  • The ERC is investigator-driven: there are no topics to set; researchers apply with a host institution.
  • To attract top researchers, point them to the ERC calls and support hosts.
Verification
Partly verified. I read the ERC Work Programme 2027 PDF (sections 1.1-1.7 and 2.1), plus Articles 8-10 and 13 of Decision 2021/764 and the cited articles of Regulation 2021/695 via the Publications Office. erc.europa.eu grant pages returned HTTP 403, so ERCEA is named from the work programme text and no ERC web page was read.

All facts and sources for ERC grant

3. EIC Pathfinder (Open and Challenges)

Strong fit: 100% · European Innovation Council · Grant (the beneficiaries carry out and own the work)

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a primary purpose.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
Pathfinder grants are Research and Innovation Actions funded at 100% of eligible costs as a lump sum. (European Innovation Council (EIC) Work Programme 2026, Annex to C(2026) 4080, II.1 What support will you receive, p. 28; II.2, p. 34)
Typical size
Maturity (TRL)
Pathfinder Open supports low TRL work (for example TRL 1 to 4); Challenges usually start around TRL 2 and aim for proof of concept or lab validation (TRL 3 or 4). (European Innovation Council (EIC) Work Programme 2026, Annex to C(2026) 4080, II.1 Why should you apply?, p. 26; II.2, p. 32; overview table p. 9)
Who owns the results
Time to grant or contract
Applicants are informed within 5 months of the call deadline and grants are signed by 8 months (indicative). (European Innovation Council (EIC) Work Programme 2026, Annex to C(2026) 4080, II.1 How do you apply; how long does it take?, p. 29; II.2, p. 35)
Legal basis
Horizon Europe Regulation, Article 47 (The Pathfinder); the EIC is established under Article 9. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Articles 9 and 47)
Who to contact
European Innovation Council and SMEs Executive Agency (EISMEA)
Next steps
  • Pathfinder Open is bottom-up; a Pathfinder Challenge on a quantum theme would have to be set in the EIC work programme.
  • Contact the EIC and its programme managers.
Verification
Verified. I read Section II and Annex 6 of the EIC Work Programme 2026, the 2026 Challenges page, Article 47 of Regulation 2021/695 and Articles 12-13 of Decision 2021/764. The 2022 quantum Challenge name comes from CORDIS project call data, not the 2022 work programme.

All facts and sources for EIC Pathfinder

4. EuroHPC JU quantum grant calls (Horizon Europe, quantum technologies pillar, HORIZON-JU-EUROHPC-2026-* topics)

Strong fit: 100% · Joint Undertakings (EuroHPC, Chips) · Grant (the beneficiaries carry out and own the work)

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a primary purpose.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
Typical size
Maturity (TRL)
QEXP-14 activities should validate technologies from TRL 3/4 and take them to TRL 5/7 by project end. (Funding & Tenders portal topic HORIZON-JU-EUROHPC-2026-QEXP-14-01 Quantum Experimental Pilot Lines for Quantum Technologies, Topic description, Technology Readiness Level)
Legal basis
Council Regulation (EU) 2021/1173 as amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/150 (Article 4(1)(j) quantum pillar; Article 5(1)(a) earmarks EUR 160 000 000 of Horizon Europe funds for quantum R&I; Article 34 reimbursement rates), implemented through Horizon Europe indirect actions. (Council Regulation (EU) 2026/150 of 16 January 2026 amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1173 on establishing the European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking, Article 1(3), 1(4)(a), 1(7))
Who to contact
EuroHPC Joint Undertaking
Next steps
  • Since Council Regulation (EU) 2026/150 the EuroHPC JU runs the quantum research calls; check its current calls and work programme.
Verification
Partly verified. The legal provisions, two full topic records from the F&T portal (read through its public topicDetails JSON) and two JU press releases were read. The EuroHPC Work Programme 2026 PDF, the call-specific rules on ownership and time to grant, and the other ten topic pages were not read, so ownership and time_to_grant are left empty. The type of action (RIA) was confirmed only for TIPT-09 and QEXP-14.

All facts and sources for EuroHPC JU quantum grants

5. QuantERA (network of national research funders in quantum technologies; joint transnational calls)

Strong fit: 100% · Networks and national partnerships · Grant (the beneficiaries carry out and own the work)

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a primary purpose.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
Typical size
Maturity (TRL)
Projects should start at TRL 1-4 and reach TRL 1-6, depending on the call topic. (QuantERA Call 2025 Announcement for Transnational Research Proposals (final, 13 November 2025), Targeted Research, page 5)
Who owns the results
All partners must sign a consortium agreement covering ownership of and access to key knowledge (IPR, data management, GDPR) and send it to the Coordination Office within three months of project start; some funders require it earlier. (QuantERA Call 2025 Announcement for Transnational Research Proposals (final, 13 November 2025), Section 5 Establishing the Project Consortium, page 16)
Time to grant or contract
Call 2025 was announced on 4 September 2025, closed on 5 December 2025 and expected results in May 2026. (QuantERA Call 2025, Call 2025 page)
Legal basis
QuantERA III is a Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Action that provides financial support to third parties; earlier phases were Horizon 2020 ERA-NET Cofunds. (About QuantERA, About page)
Who to contact
QuantERA Call Secretariat (ANR, France); Programme Coordinator NCN (Poland); national contact points of each funder
Next steps
  • National funders join QuantERA joint calls and fund their own researchers; check which funders take part in the current call.
Verification
Verified. The QuantERA home, about, Call 2025 and results pages and the main (non-annex) part of the Call 2025 announcement PDF were read. The national annexes were only skimmed, and the EU contribution amount and grant agreement number for QuantERA III were not stated on the pages read.

All facts and sources for QuantERA

6. Horizon Europe inducement and recognition prizes

Strong fit: 79% · Horizon Europe: collaborative actions · Prize

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a common use.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
The prize amount must not be linked to costs incurred by the winner. (Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union (recast Financial Regulation), Article 209(3))
Who owns the results
Work programmes or contest rules must cover communication and, where appropriate, exploitation, dissemination, ownership and access rights including licensing. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Article 43(4))
Time to grant or contract
Applicants must be informed of the outcome within 15 calendar days after the award decision; the award decision notified to the winner is the legal commitment. (Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union (recast Financial Regulation), Article 210(4))
Legal basis
Who to contact
European Innovation Council and SMEs Executive Agency (EISMEA) for EIC prizes
Next steps
  • Define a measurable challenge and the award criteria; a prize pays for a result, not for costs.
  • A prize needs a work programme entry and rules of contest.
Verification
Partly verified. Legal rules were read in full in Regulation 2021/695, the Financial Regulation Title IX and the General Annexes. No Horizon Europe quantum prize was found: the 2026-2027 Cluster 4 work programme has no prize and the EIC prizes page lists none on quantum. The quantum 'Grand Challenge' is a CSA grant plus EIB venture debt, not a prize.

All facts and sources for Horizon Europe prize

7. Horizon Europe Programme Co-fund Action (and co-funded European partnerships)

Strong fit: 79% · European partnerships and Missions · Grant (the beneficiaries carry out and own the work)

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a common use.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Funding rate or co-funding
Who owns the results
Specific provisions on ownership, exploitation and access rights may apply to programme co-fund actions and are set out in the grant agreement. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Article 42(1))
Time to grant or contract
The general Horizon Europe maxima (5 months to inform, 8 months to sign) apply to the co-fund grant itself; the times for the partners' own transnational calls are not stated in the sources read. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Article 31(1))
Legal basis
Regulation (EU) 2021/695, Articles 2(36), 10(1)(b), 22(3), 34(2)(b) and Annex III (partnership criteria). (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Articles 2(36), 10(1)(b), 22(3), 34(2)(b); Annex III)
Who to contact
DG Research and Innovation (partnerships); for QuantERA the Programme Coordinator, National Science Centre (NCN), Poland
Next steps
  • Gather the national funders that would pool money and agree a joint programme.
  • The partnership must be identified in the Horizon Europe strategic planning and work programme.
Verification
Partly verified. General rules come from the Regulation, the Decision, the General Annexes and the DG RTD partnerships page. QuantERA could not be confirmed as a programme co-fund action or co-funded partnership: CORDIS shows QuantERA III as a RIA with cascading grants, and the DG RTD partnership list has no quantum partnership.

All facts and sources for Programme co-fund (co-funded partnership)

8. Co-programmed European Partnerships

Strong fit: 79% · European partnerships and Missions · Partnership or body that runs other instruments

Why this

  • Goal: Research: new knowledge, early-stage science is a common use.
  • How the EU acts: Fund others' projects (grants) fits.
What it is for
Co-programmed partnerships rest on memoranda of understanding or contractual arrangements between the Commission and partners, setting objectives, financial and in-kind commitments, KPIs, results and reporting, and identifying complementary R&I activities by partners and the programme. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Article 10(1)(a))
Funding rate or co-funding
Funding follows the action type of each topic (for example 100% RIA, 70% IA). (Horizon Europe Work Programme 2026-2027, Part 15: General Annexes, General Annex G, p. 31)
Who owns the results
Projects funded through partnership topics follow standard Horizon Europe ownership rules: beneficiaries own their results. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Article 38(1))
Legal basis
Regulation (EU) 2021/695, Article 10(1)(a), 10(2)-(4) and Annex III. (Regulation (EU) 2021/695 establishing Horizon Europe, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, Article 10; Annex III)
Who to contact
DG Research and Innovation (partnership portfolio); ERA-LEARN support platform
Next steps
  • An industry association signs a memorandum of understanding with the Commission; calls then run in the Horizon Europe work programme.
  • Raise it in the strategic planning for the next programme period.
Verification
Partly verified. Rules were read in the Regulation and Decision; the partnership list came from the DG RTD page. Individual MoUs were not read, and no quantum co-programmed partnership exists in the list read.

All facts and sources for Co-programmed partnership

Compare the top results side by side

Less likely, but possible

Why not the others: 28 instruments ruled out

Compare instruments

Tick two to four instruments; the first four ticked are compared.

Horizon Europe: collaborative actions
Horizon Europe: researchers, excellence and widening
European Innovation Council
European partnerships and Missions
Digital Europe Programme
Connecting Europe Facility (Digital)
Joint Undertakings (EuroHPC, Chips)
Procurement procedures (Financial Regulation)
Innovation procurement (PCP and PPI)
Finance: equity, loans and guarantees
State aid and IPCEI
Funds managed by the Member States
Networks and national partnerships

Decision tree

What you want to do, then how the EU acts, then the instruments the rules rank first from those two answers alone. The full questionnaire refines the order. Each branch opens the questionnaire with those two answers.

Worked examples

  • Install a quantum computer for European users

    A Member State and its national supercomputing centre want a quantum computer coupled to a supercomputer, open to European users, owned by the public side.

    The rules rank first: EuroHPC JU quantum computer procurement; Competitive dialogue

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • QKD testbeds and links across Member States

    Several Member States want national quantum communication infrastructures connected across borders as part of EuroQCI.

    The rules rank first: EuroQCI national projects (DEP); CEF Digital (EuroQCI links)

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • A public need no product meets yet

    Public authorities need a quantum-safe sensing or timing service that does not exist yet; they want suppliers to develop and test competing solutions.

    The rules rank first: Pre-commercial procurement (PCP); Innovation partnership

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Scale up a quantum start-up

    A European quantum hardware start-up with a working prototype needs money to grow and reach the market.

    The rules rank first: EIC Accelerator; EIC Fund (equity)

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • A pilot line for quantum chips

    Research and technology organisations from several Member States want a shared pilot line to fabricate and test quantum chips, with national co-funding.

    The rules rank first: Chips JU pilot lines; IPCEI

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Attract and train quantum researchers

    A ministry wants more top quantum researchers and doctoral candidates in its universities.

    The rules rank first: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; ERA Chairs

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Align national quantum research programmes

    National funders of several countries want joint calls for quantum research, each funding its own teams.

    The rules rank first: Programme co-fund (co-funded partnership); QuantERA

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Collaborative research on quantum sensing

    Universities and companies from several countries want to advance quantum sensors from proof of concept to lab validation.

    The rules rank first: Horizon Europe RIA; EuroHPC JU quantum grants

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Support standardisation and a community roadmap

    The Commission wants European stakeholders to coordinate their input to quantum standards and update a strategic roadmap.

    The rules rank first: Horizon Europe CSA; COST Action

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • A first industrial deployment across Member States

    Several Member States want to support companies in a large first industrial deployment of quantum technologies, beyond what the market would fund.

    The rules rank first: IPCEI; Chips JU pilot lines

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Buy an existing service

    A Commission service needs a study or an off-the-shelf service on post-quantum migration, available on the market today.

    The rules rank first: Open procedure; Restricted procedure

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • Network researchers across Europe and beyond

    Researchers want a pan-European network with partners outside the EU for meetings, training schools and short visits.

    The rules rank first: COST Action; Horizon Europe CSA

    Open this example in the questionnaire

  • A regional quantum programme

    A region wants to fund quantum testbeds and company projects from its regional development programme.

    The rules rank first: Cohesion policy funds (ERDF); Teaming for Excellence

    Open this example in the questionnaire

All instruments

Open an instrument for all its facts, sources, contact and next steps. The CSV and JSON downloads hold the whole knowledge base.

Horizon Europe: collaborative actions

Horizon Europe: researchers, excellence and widening

European Innovation Council

European partnerships and Missions

Digital Europe Programme

Connecting Europe Facility (Digital)

Joint Undertakings (EuroHPC, Chips)

Procurement procedures (Financial Regulation)

Innovation procurement (PCP and PPI)

Finance: equity, loans and guarantees

State aid and IPCEI

Funds managed by the Member States

Networks and national partnerships

How the navigator decides

Each answer you give (not "Not sure", and not a question set aside for your goal) is compared with the fit profile of every instrument. An instrument earns the question's weight when your answer is one of the options its profile lists; for the goal it earns the weight times the level its profile gives that goal (3 a primary purpose, 2 a common use, 1 possible but not its main use, 0 not for this). The score is the share of the weights it earned among those it could earn, in per cent; a question its profile leaves empty does not matter for it and counts neither way. A mismatch on a blocking question (the goal at level 0, how the EU acts, who must own the results, sensitivity) rules the instrument out and the reason is shown. Ties go to the higher goal level, then to the order of the knowledge base. Results at 75% or more are a strong fit, at 55% or more a good fit, from 40% a possible fit; at most eight are shown. The decision tree uses the same rules with the goal and the role answers alone. Nothing is learned from use and no AI is involved.

Weights of the questions
QuestionWeightA mismatch rules the instrument out
Goal30Yes
How the EU acts18Yes
Maturity12No
Who acts10No
Countries8No
National co-funding6No
Budget6No
Timeframe5No
Ownership of results10Yes
Sensitivity8Yes

48 instruments, 165 official sources; compiled 2026-10-25, assembled 2026-11-02; reviewed every 180 days, since work programmes change.

Knowledge base of EU instruments for the instrument navigator, compiled from official sources (EUR-Lex read through the Publications Office where EUR-Lex refused automated reading, the Funding & Tenders Portal, work programmes, Commission, agency and Joint Undertaking pages, CORDIS) on the dates shown with each source. Each fact is written in the portal's own words with its source and locator; figures appear only where the source states them. A record marked partly verified has at least one fact read on a summary page or a key page that could not be read. The fit profiles and weights are the portal's editorial rule set, documented in docs/modules/instrument-navigator.md, not official guidance.

Official pages that could not be read when compiled
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32021R0695: HTTP 202 with empty body (EUR-Lex bot challenge); read via Publications Office (2026-10-25)
  • https://erc.europa.eu/apply-grant/starting-grant: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://erc.europa.eu/apply-grant/proof-concept: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/docs/2021-2027/horizon/wp-call/2026-2027/wp-2-msca-actions_horizon-2026-2027_en.pdf: HTTP 404 (wrong filename; correct file read instead) (2026-10-25)
  • https://eic.ec.europa.eu/investment-opportunities/eic-fund_en: HTTP 404 (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/activities/work-programmes-digital: HTTP 403 (curl, WebFetch and browser pane) (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/work-programme-2025-2027-digital-europe-programme-digital: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/amendment-digital-europe-programme-and-work-programme-2025-2027: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32021R0694: HTTP 202 with empty body; read via Publications Office instead (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/edic: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32022D2481: HTTP 202 with empty body; read via Publications Office (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/european-quantum-communication-infrastructure-euroqci: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32021R1153: HTTP 202 with empty body; read via Publications Office (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32021R1173: HTTP 202 with empty body (bot challenge); read via Publications Office instead (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/eu-invests-eu65-million-quantum-chips: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/factpages/european-chips-act-chips-europe-initiative: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/chips-competence-centres-strengthen-semiconductor-expertise-across-europe-about-kick: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://www.chips-ju.europa.eu/CompCentres/: Page Not Found (2026-10-25)
  • https://aar2024.chips-ju.europa.eu/annual-report/competence-centres: HTTP 404 (2026-10-25)
  • https://www.cost.eu/funding/how-to-get-funding/: HTTP 404 (2026-10-25)
  • https://eurekanetwork.org/programmes-and-calls/eurostars/: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://eurekanetwork.org/programmes-and-calls/network-projects/: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32024R2509: AWS WAF challenge / empty content; read via Publications Office instead (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32014L0024: AWS WAF challenge; read via Publications Office instead (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/pre-commercial-procurement: HTTP 403 (WebFetch, curl and browser) (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52021XC0706(02): EUR-Lex empty / WAF; the guidance was read from the Commission docsroom PDF (2026-10-25)
  • https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/public-procurement-innovative-solutions: HTTP 403 (WebFetch, curl and browser) (2026-10-25)
  • https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32021R0697: Empty response (HTTP 202, 0 bytes); acts read via Publications Office instead (2026-10-25)
  • https://www.eib.org/en/products/equity/venture-debt/index: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare block) via curl, WebFetch and browser (2026-10-25)
  • https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2022-207-finland-iqm-s-quantum-fabrication-facility-gets-a-eur35-million-boost-from-the-eib: HTTP 403 (Cloudflare block) (2026-10-25)
  • https://www.eif.org/etci/index.htm: HTTP 403 (2026-10-25)
  • https://www.eif.org/what_we_do/equity/escalar/index.htm: HTTP 403 (curl and WebFetch) (2026-10-25)
  • https://kohesio.ec.europa.eu/en/projects?keywords=quantum%20computer: HTTP 403 (curl and browser) (2026-10-25)
  • https://commission.europa.eu/business-economy-euro/economic-recovery/recovery-and-resilience-facility_en: Redirects to a language-selection page; content read at reforms-investments.ec.europa.eu instead (2026-10-25)
  • https://eda.europa.eu/what-we-do/eu-defence-initiatives/projects: HTTP 404 (2026-10-25)