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How the portal defines its indicators

In short: Each figure on the portal links here. Search for a figure or jump to its group; each definition opens with what is counted, and the full rules sit under “More about this definition”. Search the definitions

How every figure on the observatory, world, dashboard, KPI and country dossier pages is defined: what is counted and divided, the unit and reference period, the counting rule, the source and licence, how complete the data is, what to keep in mind, and whether the portal owner has approved the definition. Each chart and table on those pages links to its definition here.

115 definitions, 106 approved by the portal owner on 28 October 2026 because they match what the portal computes. The others are provisional: their coverage is under 50%, the code and the definition disagree, or the figure is only planned. A definition that changes gets a new version and the date of the change. In every table of these pages a dash means that a figure is not available; an unknown figure is never shown as zero.

All definitions as JSON · How the portal classifies quantum technologies

EU funding of quantum projects

EU contribution to quantum projects by start year Approved

Identifier: funding.eu-contribution-by-start-year · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Sum of the EU maximum contribution (ecMaxContribution, the grant agreed) of the quantum projects, each counted in the year it starts.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
EUR (commitments, not payments)
Reference period
Project start years 2015 to 2027 on 28 October 2026; the last two start years are partial (projects already signed that start later).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. A project counts in its start year with its whole EU contribution, not spread over its duration. In the pillar breakdown a project in several pillars is split evenly; platforms and supply-chain segments (keyword matches on the title) are split evenly between those named; programme and coordinator country count the whole amount. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed.
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
All participating countries; the country breakdown uses the coordinator’s country, the eight most frequent named and the rest grouped as “Other countries”. A country filter keeps the projects with at least one participant from that country.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
A project whose source states no EU contribution adds nothing to the sum but is still counted as a project. National, regional, private and non-EU funding is not included. The total on the at-a-glance page is this series summed over all start years.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FundingTrends.php, src/Controller/FundingTrendsController.php, src/Observatory/Brief.php

Quantum projects by start year Approved

Identifier: funding.projects-by-start-year · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of quantum projects starting in each year (the “Projects” measure of the funding trends page).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects (fractions where a project is split)
Reference period
Project start years 2015 to 2027 on 28 October 2026; the last two start years are partial (projects already signed that start later).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. Whole projects for programme and coordinator country; fractional (1/n) for pillars, hardware platforms and supply-chain segments when a project falls in n of them, so a series can hold fractions. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed.
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
As the EU contribution series: all countries, coordinator country for the country breakdown.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Projects without a start date in the source are left out. Platforms and segments come from keywords in the title only.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FundingTrends.php, src/Controller/FundingTrendsController.php

Participations by kind of organisation and start year Approved

Identifier: funding.participations-by-actor · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of participations (one organisation in one project) by the activity type of the organisation, counted in the start year of the project.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
participations
Reference period
Project start years 2015 to 2027 on 28 October 2026; the last two start years are partial (projects already signed that start later).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each organisation counts once per project it takes part in; the kind of organisation comes from its CORDIS or Funding & Tenders activity type (Topology\SupplyChainFlows::actor()).
Deduplication
Project identifiers of an organisation are de-duplicated before counting; only projects present in the projects snapshot are counted.
Countries and groups
All participating countries; with a country filter only that country’s organisations are counted.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
A participation is not a measure of funding received; large consortia weigh more.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FundingTrends.php, src/Controller/FundingTrendsController.php

Change between the early and the late period Approved

Identifier: funding.change-early-late · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Sum of the chosen measure over the late window of start years.
Denominator
Sum of the same measure over the early window: the first min(6, half the number of years) start years. The late window has the same length and ends one year before the last start year, which is left out because its projects are still being signed.
Unit
percent change (ratio minus one)
Reference period
Two windows of start years; on 28 October 2026 2015–2020 against 2021–2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. Same counting as the series it is computed from (EU contribution or projects).
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
As the series it is computed from.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Not shown when the early window has no value. The window before the last year still holds projects signed but not yet started, so recent growth can be understated or overstated as grants are added.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FundingTrends.php, src/Controller/FundingTrendsController.php, src/Observatory/Brief.php

Peak start year Approved

Identifier: funding.peak-start-year · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
The start year with the largest value of the chosen measure, summed over all series of the breakdown.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
year (with its value)
Reference period
Project start years 2015 to 2027 on 28 October 2026; the last two start years are partial (projects already signed that start later).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. Same counting as the series it is computed from.
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
As the series it is computed from.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Partial recent years can still overtake the peak as projects are signed.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FundingTrends.php, src/Controller/FundingTrendsController.php

Series that grew fastest between the two periods Approved

Identifier: funding.fastest-growing-series · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
For each series (pillar, platform, segment, programme, country or kind of organisation): its sum over the late window.
Denominator
The same series’ sum over the early window; the series with the largest ratio is named. Only series holding at least 5% of the total and a positive early value compete; catch-all series, post-quantum cryptography and projects not placed in a pillar are excluded.
Unit
ratio (×)
Reference period
The two windows of funding.change-early-late.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. Same counting as the series: on the at-a-glance page the pillar is ranked on EU contribution and the hardware platform on projects.
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
As the series it is computed from.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
A ratio from small early values can be large; the 5% floor limits this but does not remove it. Platforms come from title keywords only.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FundingTrends.php, src/Controller/FundingTrendsController.php, src/Observatory/Brief.php

Funding-to-capability chains per programme Approved

Identifier: funding.chain-count · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Reviewed links from an award to a facility of the infrastructure catalogue, and the distinct awards and facilities they join, per programme of data/funding-chains.json.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
chains, awards and facilities
Reference period
Awards active at any date; links checked on the compiled date of the file (28 October 2026).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each chain once; an award or a facility reached by several chains is counted once in its column.
Deduplication
Chains by id and by award and facility pair; awards by shared identifier; facilities by catalogue id.
Countries and groups
Facilities in EU Member States and EU-wide programmes; no country breakdown.
Source
CORDIS and the EU Funding & Tenders Portal (Publications Office and European Commission), the ANR, the EuroHPC JU, the Chips JU and project pages, linked to the portal infrastructure catalogue and access guide
Licence
CORDIS and Funding & Tenders under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU); other pages cited as sources of facts in our own words
Coverage and completeness
A reviewed selection, not every award: each programme states which instruments and years are included and what is left out.
Uncertainty and caveats
A chain is a documented link between money and a facility, not proof that the award paid for the facility alone or that the facility is in operation.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Funding/FundingChains.php, src/Controller/FollowTheMoneyController.php

Totals of the funding-to-capability chains Approved

Identifier: funding.chain-totals · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
The award amounts of the chain awards as their funder states them, added within one layer, one measure and one currency; the total cost of the same awards on a separate line.
Denominator
None: a sum, not a ratio.
Unit
EUR as stated (no conversion)
Reference period
Awards active at any date; amounts as retrieved on the dates the file states.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each award once, even when several chains reach it. EU contributions and national awards are different measures and are never added; envelopes, partner shares, co-funding and payments are not amounts of the file.
Deduplication
By award identifier; the CSV export marks the first chain of each award with counted_in_totals 1.
Countries and groups
No country breakdown.
Source
CORDIS and the EU Funding & Tenders Portal (EU contributions); the ANR (national award)
Licence
CORDIS and Funding & Tenders under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU); ANR page cited as the source of one fact
Coverage and completeness
Only the awards of the chains; reproducible from /observatory/follow-the-money/chains.csv.
Uncertainty and caveats
The maximum grant agreed, not payments; a sum of a selection, not a programme budget.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Funding/FundingChains.php, src/Controller/FollowTheMoneyController.php

Participation in Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe (CORDIS)

CORDIS quantum projects Approved

Identifier: cordis.projects · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of CORDIS quantum projects in the snapshot.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project once.
Deduplication
One project per CORDIS project id; organisations by CORDIS organisationID.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Only Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe; the funding trends page also counts other EU programmes, so its totals are larger.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.1.0, 29 October 2026: Also the headline figures of the home page and the at-a-glance page (HeadlineFigures), labelled with the same scope; definition unchanged.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig, src/About/HeadlineFigures.php

Organisations in CORDIS quantum projects Approved

Identifier: cordis.organisations · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of distinct organisations taking part in the CORDIS quantum projects.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
organisations
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each organisation once, whatever its number of projects.
Deduplication
By CORDIS organisationID; participation rows without an identifier are not counted as organisations.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
An organisation with several CORDIS identifiers (for example separate legal entities of one group) counts more than once.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.1.0, 29 October 2026: Also the headline figures of the home page and the at-a-glance page (HeadlineFigures), labelled with the same scope; definition unchanged.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig, src/About/HeadlineFigures.php

Countries with participating organisations Provisional

Identifier: cordis.countries · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of distinct countries of the organisations taking part in the CORDIS quantum projects (the country rows of the stored CORDIS aggregates).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
countries
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each country once, whatever its number of participations.
Deduplication
By the country of each participation as recorded in CORDIS.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Countries inside and outside Europe alike, so not a count of EU or associated countries; a country with a single participation counts as much as one with hundreds.
Approval
Provisional: New definition of 29 October 2026 for a figure the home page already showed; awaiting owner approval.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (portal review of 29 October 2026).
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/About/HeadlineFigures.php

Participations in CORDIS quantum projects Approved

Identifier: cordis.participations · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of participation rows: one organisation in one project, whatever its role.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
participations
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each organisation counts once per project.
Deduplication
As listed by CORDIS for each project.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Participations measure presence in consortia, not funding received.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

EU contribution to CORDIS quantum projects Approved

Identifier: cordis.eu-contribution-total · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Sum of the EU maximum contribution (ecMaxContribution, the grant agreed) of the CORDIS quantum projects.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
EUR billion (commitments, not payments)
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project’s whole amount once.
Deduplication
One project per CORDIS project id; organisations by CORDIS organisationID.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe only, so smaller than the total of the funding trends page. An amount the source does not state or that cannot be read counts as zero in the sum.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.1.0, 29 October 2026: Also the headline figures of the home page and the at-a-glance page (HeadlineFigures), labelled with the same scope; definition unchanged.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig, src/About/HeadlineFigures.php

CORDIS funding by project start year Approved

Identifier: cordis.funding-by-start-year · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Per start year: the number of CORDIS quantum projects and the sum of their EU maximum contribution.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects; EUR million
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe). Projects without a four-digit start year are left out of the chart and table.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A project counts in its start year with its whole contribution.
Deduplication
One project per CORDIS project id; organisations by CORDIS organisationID.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
The last two start years include signed projects that start later and grow as grants are signed. An amount the source does not state or that cannot be read counts as zero in the sum.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Participations by country Approved

Identifier: cordis.participations-by-country · Link to this definition

Shown on
Quantum Europe in data; Compare countries; Country policy dossiers; Country profile
Numerator: what is counted
Number of participations of organisations located in the country in CORDIS quantum projects.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
participations
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each organisation counts once per project, in the country CORDIS records for it.
Deduplication
As listed by CORDIS; Greece and the United Kingdom are matched whatever code the source uses (EL/GR, UK/GB).
Countries and groups
Every country in CORDIS, including associated and third countries; the dashboard lists the twelve with most participations.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
A country absent from the snapshot has no participation in these projects; when the snapshot itself is missing, the figure is shown as not available, never as zero.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig, src/Observatory/CountryProfiles.php, src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Net EU contribution to participants by country Approved

Identifier: cordis.net-contribution-by-country · Link to this definition

Shown on
Quantum Europe in data; Compare countries; Country policy dossiers; Country profile
Numerator: what is counted
Sum of the net EU contribution (netEcContribution, else ecContribution) recorded against each participant located in the country.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
EUR
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each participation’s own amount, in the country of the participant.
Deduplication
As listed by CORDIS per participation.
Countries and groups
Every country in CORDIS, including associated and third countries.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
A per-participant amount: it differs from the project-level maximum grant used on the funding trends page and is never added to it. Until 28 October 2026 the compare page labelled this figure “maximum grant agreed”; the label now says net EU contribution. An amount the source does not state or that cannot be read counts as zero in the sum.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig, src/Observatory/CountryProfiles.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

CORDIS projects and EU contribution by programme Approved

Identifier: cordis.projects-by-programme · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Per programme (Horizon 2020, Horizon Europe): number of CORDIS quantum projects and sum of their EU maximum contribution.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects; EUR million
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project once, in its framework programme.
Deduplication
One project per CORDIS project id; organisations by CORDIS organisationID.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
An amount the source does not state or that cannot be read counts as zero in the sum.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

CORDIS projects by pillar Approved

Identifier: cordis.projects-by-pillar · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of CORDIS quantum projects in each pillar.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects (one decimal)
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Fractional counting. A project in n pillars counts 1/n in each. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed. Read from the funding trends series restricted to CORDIS; when that is unavailable, the pillar of the snapshot’s keyword suggestion is used.
Deduplication
One project per CORDIS project id; organisations by CORDIS organisationID.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Most placements are rules or keyword suggestions pending editorial review; the table says so when the snapshot records it.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig, src/Funding/ProjectPillars.php

Share of participations held by the three most active countries Approved

Identifier: cordis.participation-share-top-three · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Participations of the three countries with most participations.
Denominator
All participations in the CORDIS quantum projects.
Unit
percent (rounded to a whole number)
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As cordis.participations-by-country.
Deduplication
As cordis.participations-by-country.
Countries and groups
Every country in CORDIS, including associated and third countries, competes for the top three.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Concentration of presence in consortia, not of funding or capability. Shown only when at least three countries are in the snapshot.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/Brief.php, src/Controller/BriefController.php

Rank of a country by participations Approved

Identifier: cordis.rank-by-participations · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country profile
Numerator: what is counted
Position of the country when countries are ordered by participations, largest first.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
rank
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Competition ranking: countries with equal participations share a rank and the next rank is skipped.
Deduplication
Countries named “Other countries” in the aggregate are left out.
Countries and groups
Every named country in CORDIS, including associated and third countries.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
A rank of presence in consortia only; it says nothing about funding, quality or capability.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.1, 28 October 2026: Shown on the country profile; the comparison no longer ranks countries (no league table, #428).
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/CountryProfiles.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php

Projects and organisations by country Approved

Identifier: cordis.projects-by-country · Link to this definition

Shown on
Compare countries; Country profile
Numerator: what is counted
Number of distinct CORDIS quantum projects with at least one participant from the country, and number of distinct organisations of the country in them.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects; organisations
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A project counts once for each country taking part in it, so countries add up to more than the total.
Deduplication
Projects by CORDIS project id, organisations by CORDIS organisationID, per country.
Countries and groups
Every named country in CORDIS.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Counts describe catalogue coverage, not national capability.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
scripts/opendata.py, src/Observatory/CountryProfiles.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Portal catalogue and activity

Published catalogue records Approved

Identifier: catalogue.records · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of published records of the catalogue content types that an anonymous visitor can view.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
records
Reference period
The published catalogue at the time of the snapshot (refreshed within five minutes of approved changes).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each record once.
Deduplication
Default published revisions only; drafts are never counted.
Countries and groups
Records of every country and funder, including national and regional awards.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (published pages of the portal)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Published catalogue records of every kind that an anonymous visitor can view; labelled fictional demonstration records are excluded. Catalogue coverage, not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
Grows with editorial imports; not comparable over time without the snapshot date.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/DashboardData.php, src/Service/AggregateSnapshot.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Catalogue records by kind Approved

Identifier: catalogue.records-by-type · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of published records of each kind (for example organisations and projects).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
records
Reference period
The published catalogue at the time of the snapshot (refreshed within five minutes of approved changes).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each record in its one kind.
Deduplication
Default published revisions only.
Countries and groups
All countries and funders.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (published pages of the portal)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Published catalogue records of every kind that an anonymous visitor can view; labelled fictional demonstration records are excluded. Catalogue coverage, not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
Project records include national and regional awards, so they exceed the CORDIS project count by design.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/DashboardData.php, src/Service/AggregateSnapshot.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Catalogue records by country Approved

Identifier: catalogue.records-by-country · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of published records tagged with each country.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
records
Reference period
The published catalogue at the time of the snapshot (refreshed within five minutes of approved changes).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A record tagged with several countries counts once in each, so the countries add up to more than the total.
Deduplication
One count per record and distinct country.
Countries and groups
Countries as tagged on the records, inside and outside the EU.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (published pages of the portal)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Published catalogue records of every kind that an anonymous visitor can view; labelled fictional demonstration records are excluded. Catalogue coverage, not a census. Records without a country are reported in the methodology note.
Uncertainty and caveats
Tagging depends on the source of each record.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/DashboardData.php, src/Service/AggregateSnapshot.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Catalogue records by technology area Provisional

Identifier: catalogue.records-by-technology · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of published records tagged with each technology area, counted under the pillar the term belongs to.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
records
Reference period
The published catalogue at the time of the snapshot (refreshed within five minutes of approved changes).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A record tagged with several areas counts once in each. The chart is drawn only when at least 20% of records carry an area. Since 29 October 2026 the dashboard draws the project pages by technology area instead (catalogue.projects-by-technology-area); this definition stays for the fallback text.
Deduplication
One count per record and distinct area.
Countries and groups
All countries.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (published pages of the portal)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Records carrying a technology area: 86 of 9,454 published records (1%) on 28 October 2026, so the chart is withheld and the page points to the projects by pillar. Completeness: 1.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
With 1% of records tagged, any distribution by area would describe the tagged few, not the catalogue.
Approval
Provisional: Coverage under 50%: only 1% of catalogue records carry a technology area (28 October 2026).
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/DashboardData.php, src/Service/AggregateSnapshot.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Project pages by technology area Provisional

Identifier: catalogue.projects-by-technology-area · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of published project pages with an assignment to each pillar or related area of the shared quantum technology taxonomy: confirmed (an editor, a source field or a high-precision keyword rule on the project's own text), and confirmed plus the keyword rules' suggestions not yet reviewed.
Denominator
None for the bars; the coverage line divides the project pages with an area by all published project pages.
Unit
project pages
Reference period
The classification index at the time of the page (rebuilt daily and when assignments change) against the published catalogue.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A project with several areas counts once in each; a family counts under its pillar. Rejected assignments and AI suggestions that no other method backs are left out.
Deduplication
One count per project page and area.
Countries and groups
All countries.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue and the shared taxonomy's classification (TaxonomyClassifier with the deterministic FamilyRules over titles and summaries)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Stated on the page: project pages with a confirmed area, and with any area, out of all published project pages. Most project records carry a title only (CORDIS publishes no abstract in the snapshot), so the keyword rules leave many projects without an area.
Uncertainty and caveats
Keyword rules on titles: a project whose title names no technology has no area, so the chart describes the classified projects, not every project.
Approval
Provisional: First version (29 October 2026); coverage below 50% of project pages expected until more summaries are classified.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: Replaces the withheld chart of catalogue records by technology field on the dashboard (portal review, 29 October 2026).
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/TechnologyCoverage.php, src/Taxonomy/ClassificationRules.php, src/Taxonomy/TaxonomyIndex.php, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Catalogue records with source links Approved

Identifier: catalogue.sourced-records · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of published records with a source link.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
records
Reference period
The published catalogue at the time of the snapshot (refreshed within five minutes of approved changes).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each record once.
Deduplication
Default published revisions only.
Countries and groups
All countries and funders.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (published pages of the portal)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Published catalogue records of every kind that an anonymous visitor can view; labelled fictional demonstration records are excluded. Catalogue coverage, not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
A source link says where a record comes from; it is not a check of the record.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/DashboardData.php, src/Service/AggregateSnapshot.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Activity on the portal (reporting warehouse) Approved

Identifier: catalogue.activity · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Published opportunities by kind; open job postings by country (no deadline, or a deadline today or later); news items per month over the last twelve months.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
opportunities; jobs; news items
Reference period
Latest daily snapshot of the reporting warehouse.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each published item once in its kind, country or month.
Deduplication
Published nodes only; a job without a country is counted under “Not stated”.
Countries and groups
Countries as tagged on the job postings.
Source
Quantum Europe reporting warehouse (Metabase), refreshed daily from published records
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Shown only when the reporting warehouse is connected; items collected by the portal’s feeds and editors, not a census of the market.
Uncertainty and caveats
Postings and news collected by the portal, not jobs created or all news published.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/AnalyticsExport.php, src/Controller/DashboardController.php, templates/qe-dashboard.html.twig

Opportunities closing in the next 30 days Approved

Identifier: catalogue.closing-soon · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Published opportunities whose deadline falls between today and 30 days from today, by kind: funding calls, public tenders and jobs.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
opportunities
Reference period
Computed when the page is shown (UTC dates).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each opportunity once, in the kind its source or kind text gives (Opportunities\Deadlines::kind()); other kinds are not counted.
Deduplication
Published nodes visible to the visitor; at most 500 read.
Countries and groups
Opportunities on the portal from every country.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (opportunities imported from EU Funding & Tenders, TED, qt.eu and job boards)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Opportunities the portal has imported or editors have added.
Uncertainty and caveats
Opportunities without a deadline are not counted.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/BriefController.php, src/Opportunities/Deadlines.php

Events in the next 60 days Approved

Identifier: catalogue.events-coming · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Published events starting between today and 60 days from today.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
events
Reference period
Computed when the page is shown (UTC dates).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each event once.
Deduplication
Published nodes visible to the visitor.
Countries and groups
Events in Europe and online, as listed on the portal.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (event feeds and editors)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Events the portal imports from feeds or editors add.
Uncertainty and caveats
Not every quantum event is listed.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/BriefController.php

Items added in the last 7 days Approved

Identifier: catalogue.added-this-week · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Published news, opportunities (calls, tenders, jobs), events and documents created in the last 7 days.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
items
Reference period
The 7 days before the page is shown.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each item once.
Deduplication
By node creation time; an item imported again is not counted twice.
Countries and groups
All countries.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Items the portal added, whatever their own publication date.
Uncertainty and caveats
Measures the portal’s activity, not the sector’s.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/BriefController.php, src/Controller/WhatsNewController.php

Companies in CORDIS quantum projects Approved

Identifier: catalogue.companies-in-projects · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Organisations with activity type PRC (private for-profit) taking part in at least one CORDIS quantum project published on the portal; the SMEs among them as flagged in CORDIS.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
companies; percent SMEs
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each organisation once, whatever its number of projects.
Deduplication
By CORDIS organisation identifier; funders, programme agencies and grant consultancies are not companies (OrgRelations).
Countries and groups
Companies of any country; the KPI observatory counts only those based in Europe.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Companies without EU funding are not seen; one company with several legal entities can count more than once.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/SupplyChain.php, src/Controller/SupplyChainController.php, src/Observatory/Brief.php

Confirmed items by value of the faceted technology taxonomy Provisional

Identifier: catalogue.items-by-taxonomy-facet · Link to this definition

Shown on
Technology hub (pillar pages with facets, such as quantum sensing and metrology)
Numerator: what is counted
Number of items confirmed under the pillar (projects, organisations, documents, infrastructure, courses, news and other portal records) that get the value from a rule: a confirmed taxonomy family that stands for the value, a CPC group of the value, or a keyword of the value in the public title.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio. The page also says how many of the pillar's confirmed items get at least one value of the axis.
Unit
items
Reference period
The stored taxonomy index at the time of the page (rebuilt by cron at least daily).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. An item with several values on an axis counts once under each; a matrix cell counts the items that have both the function and the platform. Suggestions not reviewed are not counted.
Deduplication
One count per item and value.
Countries and groups
All countries.
Source
Quantum Europe taxonomy index (confirmed classification) and data/taxonomy-facets.json (rules)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Keyword rules read titles only and organisations are named rather than described, so many confirmed items get no value on an axis; the page states the share for each axis. Patents are not counted item by item.
Uncertainty and caveats
The taxonomy values are proposed and not yet validated by an expert; the rules are explainable but title-based.
Approval
Provisional: New on 29 October 2026; the taxonomy values await expert validation.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Taxonomy/TaxonomyFacets.php, src/Taxonomy/TaxonomyFacetsPage.php, src/Controller/TechnologyHubController.php

Research output of EU projects (OpenAIRE)

Projects checked in OpenAIRE Approved

Identifier: research.coverage · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
CORDIS quantum projects whose OpenAIRE entry was retrieved successfully.
Denominator
All CORDIS quantum projects in the snapshot (post-quantum cryptography projects left out when that option is chosen).
Unit
percent (rounded down)
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project once.
Deduplication
By grant number; a repeated grant number is read once.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Rounded down so the page never claims more coverage than it has.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Publications linked to EU quantum projects Approved

Identifier: research.publications-linked · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Sum over the checked projects of OpenAIRE’s count of publications linked to each grant.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
publications (counted per project)
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Counted per project: a publication linked to several projects counts once for each.
Deduplication
None across projects, by design; the stored sample is de-duplicated separately.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
OpenAIRE linking is incomplete: unlinked publications are missing and some links may be wrong. A link is an association, not a verified project result.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php, src/Observatory/Brief.php

Checked projects with at least one publication Approved

Identifier: research.projects-with-publications · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Checked projects whose OpenAIRE count is at least one.
Denominator
Shown next to the number of checked projects.
Unit
projects
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project once.
Deduplication
By grant number.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
OpenAIRE linking is incomplete: unlinked publications are missing and some links may be wrong. A link is an association, not a verified project result.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Median publications per project with any Approved

Identifier: research.median-publications · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Median of the OpenAIRE counts of the checked projects with at least one publication.
Denominator
None: a median.
Unit
publications
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project’s own count.
Deduplication
By grant number.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Projects without publications are left out of the median; shown as a dash when there are none.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Recent publications stored Approved

Identifier: research.stored-sample · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Distinct publications among the most recent ones stored per checked project (up to the storage limit per project).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
publications
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each stored publication once.
Deduplication
By DOI, else by normalised title, else by URL.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
A recent sample, not all publications; the recent list and the venues describe this sample only.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Publications by pillar, platform, segment or country Approved

Identifier: research.publications-by-category · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Sum of the OpenAIRE counts of the checked projects in each category.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
publications
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. Pillars, hardware platforms and supply-chain segments split a project’s publications evenly between its categories (fractional); a project counts in full for each participant country (whole), so countries add up to more than the total. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed. A category is shown once at least 10 of its projects are checked.
Deduplication
None across projects, by design (counted per project).
Countries and groups
Participant countries for the country breakdown, every country inside and outside the EU; the chart shows at most 20.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
OpenAIRE linking is incomplete: unlinked publications are missing and some links may be wrong. A link is an association, not a verified project result. Platforms and segments come from title keywords only.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Publications per EUR 1 million Approved

Identifier: research.publications-per-million · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Publications linked to the checked projects of the category (as research.publications-by-category).
Denominator
EU maximum contribution of the same checked projects, in EUR million, split the same way.
Unit
publications per EUR 1 million
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole and fractional counting, by breakdown. Same splitting in numerator and denominator.
Deduplication
None across projects, by design.
Countries and groups
As research.publications-by-category.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Projects differ in length and field and recent projects have had less time to publish; shown as a dash when the category has no contribution.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

The most productive projects Approved

Identifier: research.top-projects · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
The checked projects ranked by their OpenAIRE count of linked publications (the 20 largest).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
publications
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project’s own count.
Deduplication
By grant number; ties by grant number.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Larger and older projects have had more time and money to publish.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Top venues of the stored publications Approved

Identifier: research.venues · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Number of stored publications per venue name (the 15 most frequent).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
publications
Reference period
Publications of any date linked to the projects; latest OpenAIRE retrieval 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each stored publication once, under its venue.
Deduplication
Venues compared case-insensitively; publications as in research.stored-sample.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
OpenAIRE Graph (publication links to EC grants), linked to CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
OpenAIRE Graph CC BY 4.0; CORDIS under the European Commission reuse notice (Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
All 1,256 CORDIS quantum projects checked in OpenAIRE (100%) on 28 October 2026; figures as of 21 October 2026, refreshed after 14 days. Completeness: 100.0% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
From the recent sample only, not from all linked publications; repositories and preprint servers can appear as venues.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Research/ResearchOutput.php, src/Controller/ResearchOutputController.php

Europe in quantum: JRC-style indicators

EU share of the world’s quantum publications Approved

Identifier: europe.publication-share · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Works matching the pillar’s search with at least one author affiliated in the bloc (EU27, United States, United Kingdom or China).
Denominator
All works matching the same search with at least one known author country.
Unit
percent (one decimal)
Reference period
Publication years 2017–2020 (early) and 2021–2024 (late).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Whole counting: a work with authors in the EU and the US counts for both; a work counts once for the EU27 however many Member States take part.
Deduplication
Works by OpenAlex identifier within each search; the computing and simulation searches overlap and are never added; the total search covers both once.
Countries and groups
EU27 as one bloc; the United States, the United Kingdom and China as partners; the denominator is the world (every work with an author country).
Source
OpenAlex, read on 25 October 2026 (snapshot shipped with the portal)
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Articles, reviews and conference papers in OpenAlex whose title or abstract matches the published search of each pillar (data/jrc-indicators.json); 37,515 works with an author country in 2021–2024 for quantum technologies without PQC.
Uncertainty and caveats
A search over titles and abstracts finds works that use the words, not all quantum research. Open data and published rules, not the JRC’s paid sources (Orbis, Orbis IP, PitchBook, Scopus); the JRC’s own figures are cited separately on the page. Post-quantum cryptography is a separate set, with totals given with and without it.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

Quantum publications per year by bloc Approved

Identifier: europe.publications-per-year · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Works matching the quantum technology search (computing, communication, sensing and simulation, without PQC) with at least one author in each bloc, per publication year.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
works
Reference period
Publication years 2015 to 2025.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Whole counting by bloc.
Deduplication
Works by OpenAlex identifier.
Countries and groups
EU27, United States, United Kingdom and China.
Source
OpenAlex, read on 25 October 2026 (snapshot shipped with the portal)
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Articles, reviews and conference papers in OpenAlex whose title or abstract matches the published search of each pillar (data/jrc-indicators.json); 37,515 works with an author country in 2021–2024 for quantum technologies without PQC.
Uncertainty and caveats
Recent years can still grow as OpenAlex indexes more works.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

Growth of publications Approved

Identifier: europe.publication-growth · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Works of the last year of a period (for the change of the total: the total of the late period).
Denominator
Works of the first year of the same period (for the change: the total of the early period); compound annual growth rate = (last / first)^(1 / years) − 1.
Unit
percent per year; percent change
Reference period
Publication years 2017–2020 (early) and 2021–2024 (late).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As europe.publication-share.
Deduplication
As europe.publication-share.
Countries and groups
EU27 and the world (every work with an author country).
Source
OpenAlex, read on 25 October 2026 (snapshot shipped with the portal)
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Articles, reviews and conference papers in OpenAlex whose title or abstract matches the published search of each pillar (data/jrc-indicators.json); 37,515 works with an author country in 2021–2024 for quantum technologies without PQC.
Uncertainty and caveats
Not available (a dash) when the first value is zero. The chart draws a negative rate as zero; the table gives the signed value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

Co-authorship with the US, the UK and China Approved

Identifier: europe.co-authorship · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
EU27 works of the pillar that also have an author in the partner country.
Denominator
All EU27 works of the pillar.
Unit
percent (one decimal)
Reference period
Publication years 2017–2020 (early) and 2021–2024 (late).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Whole counting.
Deduplication
Works by OpenAlex identifier.
Countries and groups
EU27 against each partner: United States, United Kingdom, China.
Source
OpenAlex, read on 25 October 2026 (snapshot shipped with the portal)
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Articles, reviews and conference papers in OpenAlex whose title or abstract matches the published search of each pillar (data/jrc-indicators.json); 37,515 works with an author country in 2021–2024 for quantum technologies without PQC.
Uncertainty and caveats
Co-authorship shows shared authorship, not the strength or direction of collaboration.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

EU share of patent families Provisional

Identifier: europe.patent-share · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Patent families with at least one applicant resident in the bloc (EU27, United States, China, United Kingdom, Japan).
Denominator
Patent families with a known applicant country.
Unit
percent (one decimal)
Reference period
Earliest priority years 2017–2020 and 2021–2024.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Whole counting: a family with applicants in two blocs counts for both.
Deduplication
One count per DOCDB simple family, whatever its number of publications.
Countries and groups
EU27 as one bloc; the United States, China, the United Kingdom and Japan as partners.
Source
EPO Open Patent Services, patent family aggregate of 28 October 2026
Licence
EPO Open Patent Services terms and conditions (derived counts only, data not redistributed)
Coverage and completeness
EPO DOCDB simple families in the four quantum CPC groups the portal reads, by earliest priority year and applicant residence. On 28 October 2026 13 of 142 publication windows were read: 11.6% of the publication months needed for 2021–2024 and none for 2017–2020. Completeness: 11.6% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Shown as “Not yet available (x% read)” until 90% of the period’s publication months are read; families are published about 18 months after priority, so recent years are incomplete in every source. No CPC group exists for PQC; quantum sensing is limited to atomic clocks.
Approval
Provisional: Coverage under 50%: 11.6% of the needed publication months read on 28 October 2026; shares stay withheld until 90% of a period is read.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json, src/Observatory/PatentFamilies.php

Growth of patent families Provisional

Identifier: europe.patent-growth · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Families of the last priority year of a period.
Denominator
Families of its first priority year; compound annual growth rate.
Unit
percent per year
Reference period
Earliest priority years 2017–2020 and 2021–2024.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As europe.patent-share.
Deduplication
As europe.patent-share.
Countries and groups
EU27 and every family with a known country.
Source
EPO Open Patent Services, patent family aggregate of 28 October 2026
Licence
EPO Open Patent Services terms and conditions (derived counts only, data not redistributed)
Coverage and completeness
EPO DOCDB simple families in the four quantum CPC groups the portal reads, by earliest priority year and applicant residence. On 28 October 2026 13 of 142 publication windows were read: 11.6% of the publication months needed for 2021–2024 and none for 2017–2020. Completeness: 11.6% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Withheld with the shares of the same period; the late period is understated until its last priority years are published.
Approval
Provisional: Coverage under 50%: 11.6% of the needed publication months read on 28 October 2026; shares stay withheld until 90% of a period is read.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json, src/Observatory/PatentFamilies.php

Co-patenting with partners Provisional

Identifier: europe.co-patenting · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
EU patent families with a co-applicant outside the EU, or in the United States, the United Kingdom or China.
Denominator
All EU patent families of the period.
Unit
percent (one decimal)
Reference period
Earliest priority years 2021–2024.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Whole counting.
Deduplication
One count per DOCDB simple family.
Countries and groups
EU27 against non-EU applicants and each partner.
Source
EPO Open Patent Services, patent family aggregate of 28 October 2026
Licence
EPO Open Patent Services terms and conditions (derived counts only, data not redistributed)
Coverage and completeness
EPO DOCDB simple families in the four quantum CPC groups the portal reads, by earliest priority year and applicant residence. On 28 October 2026 13 of 142 publication windows were read: 11.6% of the publication months needed for 2021–2024 and none for 2017–2020. Completeness: 11.6% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Withheld with the shares of the same period.
Approval
Provisional: Coverage under 50%: 11.6% of the needed publication months read on 28 October 2026; shares stay withheld until 90% of a period is read.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json, src/Observatory/PatentFamilies.php

EU funding per pillar Approved

Identifier: europe.eu-funding-by-pillar · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Sum of the EU maximum contribution of the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders quantum projects in each pillar; projects per pillar; average per project.
Denominator
For the average: the projects of the pillar.
Unit
EUR; projects
Reference period
Project start years 2015–2027.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Fractional counting. A project in n pillars counts 1/n of its projects and amount in each. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed.
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
Projects without a stated amount are counted as projects but add nothing to the sums, so the pillar average (amount over all projects of the pillar) is lower than an average over projects with an amount; the programme average uses only projects with a stated amount. Post-quantum cryptography is highlighted and totals are given with and without it.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

EU funding per programme Approved

Identifier: europe.eu-funding-by-programme · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Per programme: projects, sum of the EU maximum contribution and average grant.
Denominator
For the average: the projects of the programme with a stated amount.
Unit
EUR; projects
Reference period
Project start years 2015–2027.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each project once, in its programme.
Deduplication
One row per grant number; the CORDIS and Funding & Tenders snapshots have disjoint grant numbers, and a repeated grant number in a file is read once.
Countries and groups
Every participating country, inside and outside the EU; EU27, EEA and associated countries and third countries are not separated in this figure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); EU Funding & Tenders Portal, European Commission (quantum projects of other EU programmes)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Funding & Tenders projects of other EU programmes (such as Digital Europe, the European Defence Fund and the Connecting Europe Facility) whose title or topic names quantum technology, or whose objective mentions it at least four times (91 projects, retrieved 21 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
A programme average is a dash when no project of it states an amount.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

When companies were founded Approved

Identifier: europe.company-founding · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Public quantum companies of the portal with a founding year stated by ROR (established) or else Wikidata (inception), by five-year founding period and location; and the share founded after 2018.
Denominator
For the share: companies of the same location with a known founding year.
Unit
companies; percent
Reference period
Founding years from 2000 (earlier grouped) to the current year.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each company once.
Deduplication
One founding year per company: ROR first, else Wikidata.
Countries and groups
In the EU (27 Member States, by the company’s country) and elsewhere.
Source
ROR and Wikidata records of the portal’s companies
Licence
ROR and Wikidata CC0 1.0
Coverage and completeness
Founding years known for 93 of the 108 public companies of the portal (86%) on 28 October 2026. Completeness: 86.1% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
The company list is European first and not a world census, so no world share of companies is computed.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcIndicators.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php, data/jrc-indicators.json

The JRC’s own figures, cited Approved

Identifier: europe.jrc-cited-figures · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Headline figures of the JRC report JRC141050 and its news item, quoted as published.
Denominator
As stated by the JRC.
Unit
as published
Reference period
As stated by the JRC (report of 2025).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Not computed by the portal.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
As stated by the JRC.
Source
Joint Research Centre, Future Directions for Quantum Technology in Europe (JRC141050, 2025)
Licence
CC BY 4.0, cited with attribution
Coverage and completeness
Every headline figure of the report section concerned, each with its locator.
Uncertainty and caveats
Rests on paid data (Orbis, Orbis IP, PitchBook, Scopus) and is labelled as such; not reproduced or recomputed.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/JrcReports.php, src/Controller/JrcIndicatorsController.php

Europe in the world

Public funding commitments as stated Approved

Identifier: world.funding-commitments · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Each amount a public funding commitment for quantum technologies, as the official source states it; an indicative euro value divided by one ECB reference rate.
Denominator
For the euro column: the ECB reference rate of 21 October 2026 (units of the currency per euro).
Unit
currency as stated; EUR (indicative)
Reference period
Announcement dates and periods as stated by each source; registry compiled 21 October 2026.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Amounts are never added up or averaged; one row per amount stated.
Deduplication
One record per strategy or programme; European national rows come from the public investment registry.
Countries and groups
The EU and countries inside and outside Europe, filterable by region.
Source
Official government and EU pages, checked on the date shown for each record; ECB euro reference rates
Licence
Quoted as facts with attribution and a link to each official source; ECB reference rates under the ECB terms of use
Coverage and completeness
Records of the world funding registry (data/world-funding.json) and the public investment registry; not exhaustive.
Uncertainty and caveats
The euro column is indicative: one rate for every year, not adjusted for inflation or purchasing power. “Not stated in the source” where no official source gives an amount; none is estimated.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php, src/World/WorldFunding.php, data/world-funding.json

Quantum research publications by country or block Approved

Identifier: world.publications-by-country · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Works with at least one author in the country or block, per publication year.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
works
Reference period
Publication years 2015 to 2025.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Full counting: a work with authors in two countries counts for both; the EU27 block counts each work once however many Member States take part.
Deduplication
Works by OpenAlex identifier within each request.
Countries and groups
The European Union (27) as a block, and the United States, China, the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, South Korea, India, Switzerland and other series of WorldIndicators::SERIES.
Source
OpenAlex
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Quantum research publications in OpenAlex: articles, reviews and conference papers with at least one OpenAlex topic the portal counts as quantum (OpenAlexInstitutions::TOPICS), read on 22 October 2026 (monthly refresh).
Uncertainty and caveats
Topic-based (unlike the search of europe.publication-share), so the counts differ from that page. Recent years still grow as OpenAlex indexes works; coverage of conference papers and of some countries is uneven.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php, src/World/WorldIndicators.php

Share of the world’s quantum publications Approved

Identifier: world.publication-share · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Works of the country or block in the year.
Denominator
All matching works with at least one author country in the same year.
Unit
percent (one decimal)
Reference period
First and last publication years (2015 and 2025).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Full counting, so shares do not add up to 100%.
Deduplication
As world.publications-by-country.
Countries and groups
As world.publications-by-country; the world is every work with an author country.
Source
OpenAlex
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Quantum research publications in OpenAlex: articles, reviews and conference papers with at least one OpenAlex topic the portal counts as quantum (OpenAlexInstitutions::TOPICS), read on 22 October 2026 (monthly refresh).
Uncertainty and caveats
Shown as a dash when the year has no work with an author country (before 28 October 2026 such a share was shown as 0.0%).
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php, src/World/WorldIndicators.php

Yearly growth of publications Approved

Identifier: world.publication-growth · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Works of the last year.
Denominator
Works of the first year; compound annual growth rate = (last / first)^(1 / years) − 1.
Unit
percent per year
Reference period
From 2015 to 2025.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Full counting.
Deduplication
As world.publications-by-country.
Countries and groups
As world.publications-by-country.
Source
OpenAlex
Licence
OpenAlex data CC0 1.0; the portal’s calculation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Quantum research publications in OpenAlex: articles, reviews and conference papers with at least one OpenAlex topic the portal counts as quantum (OpenAlexInstitutions::TOPICS), read on 22 October 2026 (monthly refresh).
Uncertainty and caveats
A dash when the first year has no works.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php, src/World/WorldIndicators.php

Quantum companies by country Approved

Identifier: world.companies-by-country · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Quantum companies by country: from the Wikidata company discovery file when installed; otherwise the companies found in open sources and published on the portal (the counts of /supply-chain/companies-by-region.json).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
companies
Reference period
Date of the file or of the count, shown on the page.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each company once, in its country.
Deduplication
One record per company as published on the portal, or per Wikidata item.
Countries and groups
By country, with the 27 EU Member States summed; filterable by region.
Source
Wikidata, or OpenAlex, ROR, Wikidata, GLEIF, industry association lists, contract awards and patent applicants as published on the portal
Licence
Wikidata, ROR, OpenAlex and GLEIF CC0 1.0; other sources under their own terms
Coverage and completeness
Companies the portal could document from open sources; not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
A missing company is not evidence that it does not exist. The organisations of EU-funded projects are counted separately.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php, src/World/WorldIndicators.php, src/World/WorldCompanies.php, src/Companies/CompanySources.php

National strategies (AI-assisted summaries) Approved

Identifier: world.strategy-summaries · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Per country: strategy name, year and public funding, the funding taken from an official record of the funding table when one exists, else quoted from the summary.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
as stated
Reference period
Each summary’s checked date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Not computed; amounts are never added.
Deduplication
One summary per country of the world sources registry.
Countries and groups
Countries inside and outside Europe.
Source
Official government pages, summarised with AI assistance; each with its official source
Licence
Quoted with attribution and links to the official sources
Coverage and completeness
Summaries with a confidence of at least 0.4.
Uncertainty and caveats
AI-assisted summaries may contain errors; the official sources are authoritative.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php, src/Acquisition/WorldContext.php

Patent families by country (planned) Provisional Planned

Identifier: world.patents-by-country · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Planned: quantum patent families by applicant country from EPO Open Patent Services.
Denominator
Planned: patent families with a known applicant country.
Unit
patent families; percent
Reference period
Not defined yet.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Planned: whole counting by applicant residence, as europe.patent-share.
Deduplication
Planned: one count per DOCDB simple family.
Countries and groups
Planned: countries and the EU27 block.
Source
EPO Open Patent Services
Licence
EPO Open Patent Services terms and conditions (derived counts only, data not redistributed)
Coverage and completeness
Not computed: the page states “connected, country counts not computed yet”.
Uncertainty and caveats
No figure is published; the page shows the connector status only.
Approval
Provisional: Planned figure: no code computes it yet.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/WorldController.php

KPI observatory

Official KPI values and 2030 targets Approved

Identifier: kpis.official-values · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
The 2021–2024 values, yearly progression and 2030 target of each of the 30 indicators and parts, copied as published.
Denominator
As published by the SAB.
Unit
the unit of each indicator, as published
Reference period
Values 2021–2024 (2024 measured in early 2025); targets for 2030.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Not computed by the portal.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
Europe, as defined by the Quantum Flagship and its surveys.
Source
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board, Key Performance Indicators for Quantum Technologies in Europe (KPI booklet, March 2025), retrieved 23 October 2026
Licence
No reuse licence stated in the booklet; values quoted as facts with attribution and the booklet linked, not copied
Coverage and completeness
Survey results of SAB, QCB, QuIC and QUCATS members in early 2025, verified and validated by the SAB (booklet page 2).
Uncertainty and caveats
Survey values, not statistics; some targets are under review and marked so.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, src/Controller/KpiObservatoryController.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Progress towards the 2030 target Approved

Identifier: kpis.progress-to-target · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
The last numeric official value of the first measure.
Denominator
Its 2030 target, in the same unit.
Unit
percent (0 to 100, rounded)
Reference period
Last official year against 2030.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Computed only for count indicators whose value and target share a unit; capped at 0 and 100.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
As the official values.
Source
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board, Key Performance Indicators for Quantum Technologies in Europe (KPI booklet, March 2025), retrieved 23 October 2026; portal calculation
Licence
No reuse licence stated in the booklet; values quoted as facts with attribution and the booklet linked, not copied
Coverage and completeness
Indicators with a numeric value and a positive target.
Uncertainty and caveats
Not shown for other indicators; a portal calculation, not an SAB assessment.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, src/Controller/KpiObservatoryController.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Trajectory towards the 2030 target Approved

Identifier: kpis.trajectory · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Recent yearly change: from the first to the last numeric official value (linear), or their growth rate (compound); least-squares slope when the values rise and fall.
Denominator
Change needed per year: (target − last) / (2030 − last year), or (target / last)^(1 / years left) − 1.
Unit
status (target reached, on pace, on pace only if growth compounds, slower than needed, not assessed)
Reference period
Official values 2021–2024 against 2030.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Status follows the linear pace; “only if growth compounds” when only the compound rate is enough.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
As the official values.
Source
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board, Key Performance Indicators for Quantum Technologies in Europe (KPI booklet, March 2025), retrieved 23 October 2026; portal calculation
Licence
No reuse licence stated in the booklet; values quoted as facts with attribution and the booklet linked, not copied
Coverage and completeness
Indicators with a target and at least two numeric values; others are “not assessed”.
Uncertainty and caveats
A portal calculation, not the SAB health assessment or the colours of the booklet.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, src/Controller/KpiObservatoryController.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Indicators by trajectory status Approved

Identifier: kpis.status-summary · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Indicators on pace or having reached their 2030 target (headline); indicators per status (tiles).
Denominator
Indicators assessed (all minus those not assessed).
Unit
indicators
Reference period
Official values 2021–2024 against 2030.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each indicator once, by the status of its first measure.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
As the official values.
Source
Quantum Flagship Strategic Advisory Board, Key Performance Indicators for Quantum Technologies in Europe (KPI booklet, March 2025), retrieved 23 October 2026; portal calculation
Licence
No reuse licence stated in the booklet; values quoted as facts with attribution and the booklet linked, not copied
Coverage and completeness
All 30 indicators and parts of the booklet.
Uncertainty and caveats
Depends on kpis.trajectory.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, src/Controller/KpiObservatoryController.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Eco 1 live measure: EU contribution by start year and announced rounds Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.eco-1 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
EU maximum contribution of the CORDIS quantum projects summed by start year (headline: the last complete year); separately, announced private rounds by year, one total per currency.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
EUR million; amounts per currency
Reference period
Start years of the CORDIS snapshot; rounds from 2023.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Projects counted once (CORDIS rows only); projects without a stated amount are listed apart and not counted. Rounds: closed rounds with a disclosed amount only.
Deduplication
Only CORDIS rows, so a project also in the Funding & Tenders snapshot counts once.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); curated funding rounds file of the investor view
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
The CORDIS snapshot (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe projects matched as quantum); the curated rounds file (2023 onwards, not exhaustive).
Uncertainty and caveats
EU grants are commitments to projects, not the venture, seed and public-private investment the SAB counts; the two series are never added. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, src/Service/InvestorViewData.php

Eco 2 live measure: European companies in EU quantum projects Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.eco-2 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Companies of the investor view screener (private for-profit organisations based in the EU, EFTA, the United Kingdom or Horizon Europe associated countries in CORDIS quantum projects), cumulative by the start year of their first quantum project.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
companies (cumulative)
Reference period
Start years of the CORDIS snapshot.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each company once, in the year of its first project; SMEs as flagged in CORDIS.
Deduplication
Entities of one company grouped through reviewed links.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); investor view screener
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Companies with at least one CORDIS quantum project; companies without EU funding are not seen.
Uncertainty and caveats
The SAB counts SME members of QuIC, a different population; the first project year is not the founding year. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Eco 3 live measure: facilities offering testing or fabrication services Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.eco-3 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Entries of the infrastructure catalogue whose sources name a testing or fabrication service as an access route.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
catalogue entries
Reference period
The catalogue’s compiled date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each catalogue entry once.
Deduplication
One entry per facility or network as catalogued.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Infrastructure catalogue of the portal (official programme, government and host pages)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified infrastructure catalogue: EuroHPC, EuroQCI, Qu-Test and Qu-Pilot, Chips JU pilot lines and national platforms.
Uncertainty and caveats
Several entries are networks grouping many sites; a named access route is not proof that SMEs can book the service; no yearly series. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/infrastructure-facilities.json

Eco 4 live measure: quantum job postings by year Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.eco-4 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Published job opportunities on the portal counted by the year the portal added them (headline: the last complete year).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
postings per year
Reference period
Years the postings were added.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each published posting once.
Deduplication
One node per posting; a job posted twice on different boards can count twice.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (qt.eu and the public job boards the portal reads)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Postings from qt.eu and the public job boards the portal reads.
Uncertainty and caveats
Postings, not jobs created; the year is when the portal added the posting. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Eco 5 live measure: published quantum patent documents per year Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.eco-5 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Published patent documents per publication year found by EPO Open Patent Services searches in CPC G06N 10 (quantum computing) and H04L 9/0852 with H04B 10/70 (quantum communication), two series.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
documents per year
Reference period
Publication years collected so far; the last two are incomplete.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each document once per series.
Deduplication
The two series can overlap and are never added.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
EPO Open Patent Services (technology intelligence landscape)
Licence
EPO Open Patent Services terms and conditions (derived counts only, data not redistributed)
Coverage and completeness
Worldwide publications in those CPC groups, collected a few years per scheduled run while an OPS key is installed.
Uncertainty and caveats
Documents, not patent families, and worldwide: applicant countries are not collected, so no European share or rank is derived. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, src/Observatory/TechIntelligence.php

Eco 6 live measure: parts-tree components with companies in EU projects Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.eco-6 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Components of the parts tree for which at least one company takes part in a CORDIS quantum project whose title names the component.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
components
Reference period
The CORDIS snapshot date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each component once.
Deduplication
One node per component of the parts tree.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); source-verified parts tree of the portal
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
Components of the parts tree; CORDIS projects and organisations of the portal snapshot.
Uncertainty and caveats
A company in a project about a component is not proof that the component is produced in the EU; imports cannot be observed. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, src/Observatory/SupplyTree.php, data/quantum-supply-tree.json

Comm 3 live measure: countries with a national EuroQCI project Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.comm-3 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Countries with a national EuroQCI project in the infrastructure catalogue; communication records of the deployment tracker delivered, commissioned or operational are listed against those only planned.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
countries
Reference period
The deployment tracker’s checked date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each country once.
Deduplication
One country per national project.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Infrastructure catalogue and deployment tracker of the portal
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The infrastructure catalogue and the deployment tracker, both source-verified.
Uncertainty and caveats
A national project is not a connected metropolitan area; key rates and node counts are not recorded; no yearly series. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/infrastructure-facilities.json, data/infrastructure-milestones.json

Comm 4 live measure: documented quantum communication use cases Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.comm-4 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Use cases of the adoption directory classified as quantum communication, cumulative by the year of their source.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
use cases (cumulative)
Reference period
Years of the sources.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each use case once; post-quantum cryptography cases are not counted.
Deduplication
One entry per use case of the directory.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Adoption directory of the portal (source-verified use cases)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified use cases of the adoption directory.
Uncertainty and caveats
A curated selection of documented cases, not every service on the market. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/adoption.json

Comp 3 live measure: documented quantum computing use cases Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.comp-3 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Use cases of the adoption directory classified as quantum computing, cumulative by the year of their source.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
use cases (cumulative)
Reference period
Years of the sources.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each use case once.
Deduplication
One entry per use case of the directory.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Adoption directory of the portal (source-verified use cases)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified use cases of the adoption directory.
Uncertainty and caveats
A curated selection; the SAB counts the much larger QuIC use-case database. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/adoption.json

Comp 4a live measure: computing facilities with a documented access route Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.comp-4a · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Quantum computers and computing user platforms of the infrastructure catalogue that are inaugurated or operational and whose sources name a call, online access or commercial access.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
facilities
Reference period
The catalogue’s compiled date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each facility once.
Deduplication
One entry per catalogued facility.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Infrastructure catalogue of the portal
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified infrastructure catalogue.
Uncertainty and caveats
Facilities, not entities, and not limited to fully European stacks; no yearly series. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/infrastructure-facilities.json

Comp 4b live measure: EuroHPC quantum systems accepting applications Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.comp-4b · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
EuroHPC computing or simulation systems of the deployment tracker commissioned (inaugurated) or operational with open user access, cumulative by commissioning year.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
systems (cumulative)
Reference period
Commissioning years; systems without a dated commissioning counted but not in the yearly line.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each system once.
Deduplication
One record per system; national systems outside EuroHPC are listed apart and not counted.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Deployment tracker of the portal (source-verified)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified deployment tracker; national machines outside EuroHPC are shown apart and not counted.
Uncertainty and caveats
Inaugurated is not always confirmed production operation; access dates are often not stated, so the year is the commissioning year. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/infrastructure-milestones.json

Sim 3 live measure: quantum simulators in operation Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.sim-3 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Quantum simulators of the infrastructure catalogue that are inaugurated or operational; planned ones listed apart.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
simulators
Reference period
The catalogue’s compiled date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each simulator once.
Deduplication
One entry per catalogued simulator.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Infrastructure catalogue of the portal
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified infrastructure catalogue.
Uncertainty and caveats
Availability is not quantum advantage, which the SAB counts; no yearly series. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/infrastructure-facilities.json

Sim 4 live measure: documented quantum simulation use cases Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.sim-4 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Use cases of the adoption directory classified as quantum simulation, cumulative by the year of their source.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
use cases (cumulative)
Reference period
Years of the sources.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each use case once.
Deduplication
One entry per use case of the directory.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Adoption directory of the portal (source-verified use cases)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified use cases of the adoption directory.
Uncertainty and caveats
A curated selection; a documented case need not run on an EU quantum simulator. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/adoption.json

Sens 1 live measure: sensing families with confirmed organisations Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.sens-1 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Families of the sensing pillar of the shared taxonomy with at least one organisation whose classification is confirmed.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
technology families
Reference period
The taxonomy index date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each family once.
Deduplication
Organisations counted once per family.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Taxonomy index of the portal (source fields, keyword rules and editors)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The taxonomy index of the portal: organisations classified by source fields, keyword rules or editors.
Uncertainty and caveats
Technology families, not product classes; organisations, not products sold; no yearly series. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, src/Taxonomy/QuantumTaxonomy.php

Edu 1 live measure: events on the portal by start year Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.edu-1 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Published events counted by the year they start (headline: the last complete year, else the current year; later years stay in the series only); events whose categories name education, training, schools or outreach shown apart.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
events per year
Reference period
Start years of the events.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each event once.
Deduplication
One node per event.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (qt.eu, event feeds and editors)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Events imported from qt.eu and the event feeds the portal reads, and events added by editors.
Uncertainty and caveats
Every listed event, not only those promoted under the Flagship criteria; categories come from the sources and are not always set. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json

Edu 2 live measure: free online courses in the course directory Approved

Identifier: kpis.live.edu-2 · Link to this definition

Shown on
KPI observatory; KPI observatory: one indicator
Numerator: what is counted
Entries of the course directory that are free and online and are not master’s programmes (courses, certificates and schools); every kind listed apart.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
courses
Reference period
The directory’s compiled date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each entry once.
Deduplication
One entry per course of the directory.
Countries and groups
As stated in the measure.
Source
Course directory of the portal (source-verified)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
The source-verified course directory.
Uncertainty and caveats
Courses and degrees, not the validated open modules of the Flagship repository; no yearly series. A live measure is a proxy of the portal; it never replaces the official value.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Service/KpiObservatoryData.php, src/Observatory/FlagshipKpis.php, data/flagship-kpis.json, data/skills-courses.json

Countries: comparison and dossiers

Participations per million inhabitants Approved

Identifier: country.participations-per-million · Link to this definition

Shown on
Compare countries; Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
CORDIS participations of the country (cordis.participations-by-country).
Denominator
Population on 1 January, latest year Eurostat publishes for the country, in millions.
Unit
participations per million inhabitants
Reference period
CORDIS: all start years; Eurostat: latest year per country.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As cordis.participations-by-country.
Deduplication
As cordis.participations-by-country.
Countries and groups
One country; EU27 and peer group pooled. On the dossier: the country, the EU27 average (pooled over the Member States with both figures), a peer group of the four Member States closest in population or GDP, and up to three countries of the visitor’s choice.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); Eurostat datasets tps00001 (population on 1 January), nama_10_gdp (GDP at current prices, EUR million) and rd_e_gerdtot (GERD)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; Eurostat copyright notice: reuse authorised with acknowledgement (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Eurostat publishes figures for the EU Member States and most EEA and candidate countries; where none is published, the ratio is a dash.
Uncertainty and caveats
CORDIS totals cover all start years while population or GDP is one year, so the ratio corrects for size, not for time. A dash means a missing figure or a zero contribution. Group averages are pooled (group totals over group population or GDP), never a mean of country ratios.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/OpenData/EurostatContext.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Net EU contribution per inhabitant Approved

Identifier: country.contribution-per-inhabitant · Link to this definition

Shown on
Compare countries; Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Net EU contribution to participants of the country (cordis.net-contribution-by-country).
Denominator
Population on 1 January, latest Eurostat year.
Unit
EUR per inhabitant
Reference period
CORDIS: all start years; Eurostat: latest year per country.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As cordis.net-contribution-by-country.
Deduplication
As cordis.net-contribution-by-country.
Countries and groups
One country; EU27 and peer group pooled. On the dossier: the country, the EU27 average (pooled over the Member States with both figures), a peer group of the four Member States closest in population or GDP, and up to three countries of the visitor’s choice.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); Eurostat datasets tps00001 (population on 1 January), nama_10_gdp (GDP at current prices, EUR million) and rd_e_gerdtot (GERD)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; Eurostat copyright notice: reuse authorised with acknowledgement (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Eurostat publishes figures for the EU Member States and most EEA and candidate countries; where none is published, the ratio is a dash.
Uncertainty and caveats
CORDIS totals cover all start years while population or GDP is one year, so the ratio corrects for size, not for time. A dash means a missing figure or a zero contribution. Group averages are pooled (group totals over group population or GDP), never a mean of country ratios.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/OpenData/EurostatContext.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Participations per EUR billion of GDP Approved

Identifier: country.participations-per-gdp · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
CORDIS participations of the country.
Denominator
GDP at current prices, latest Eurostat year, in EUR billion.
Unit
participations per EUR 1 billion of GDP
Reference period
CORDIS: all start years; Eurostat: latest year per country.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As cordis.participations-by-country.
Deduplication
As cordis.participations-by-country.
Countries and groups
One country; EU27 and peer group pooled. On the dossier: the country, the EU27 average (pooled over the Member States with both figures), a peer group of the four Member States closest in population or GDP, and up to three countries of the visitor’s choice.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); Eurostat datasets tps00001 (population on 1 January), nama_10_gdp (GDP at current prices, EUR million) and rd_e_gerdtot (GERD)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; Eurostat copyright notice: reuse authorised with acknowledgement (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Eurostat publishes figures for the EU Member States and most EEA and candidate countries; where none is published, the ratio is a dash.
Uncertainty and caveats
CORDIS totals cover all start years while population or GDP is one year, so the ratio corrects for size, not for time. A dash means a missing figure or a zero contribution. Group averages are pooled (group totals over group population or GDP), never a mean of country ratios.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/OpenData/EurostatContext.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php

Net EU contribution per EUR billion of GDP Approved

Identifier: country.contribution-per-gdp · Link to this definition

Shown on
Compare countries; Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Net EU contribution to participants of the country.
Denominator
GDP at current prices, latest Eurostat year, in EUR billion.
Unit
EUR per EUR 1 billion of GDP
Reference period
CORDIS: all start years; Eurostat: latest year per country.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. As cordis.net-contribution-by-country.
Deduplication
As cordis.net-contribution-by-country.
Countries and groups
One country; EU27 and peer group pooled. On the dossier: the country, the EU27 average (pooled over the Member States with both figures), a peer group of the four Member States closest in population or GDP, and up to three countries of the visitor’s choice.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); Eurostat datasets tps00001 (population on 1 January), nama_10_gdp (GDP at current prices, EUR million) and rd_e_gerdtot (GERD)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; Eurostat copyright notice: reuse authorised with acknowledgement (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Eurostat publishes figures for the EU Member States and most EEA and candidate countries; where none is published, the ratio is a dash.
Uncertainty and caveats
CORDIS totals cover all start years while population or GDP is one year, so the ratio corrects for size, not for time. A dash means a missing figure or a zero contribution. Group averages are pooled (group totals over group population or GDP), never a mean of country ratios.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/OpenData/EurostatContext.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

EU quantum contribution as a share of GERD Approved

Identifier: country.gerd-share · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Net EU contribution to participants of the country divided by the number of CORDIS start years (a yearly average).
Denominator
Mean yearly GERD (EUR million) over the years of the CORDIS span that have a figure.
Unit
percent
Reference period
The CORDIS start-year span against the GERD years within it.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Yearly averages on both sides.
Deduplication
As cordis.net-contribution-by-country.
Countries and groups
One country.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets); Eurostat datasets tps00001 (population on 1 January), nama_10_gdp (GDP at current prices, EUR million) and rd_e_gerdtot (GERD)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; Eurostat copyright notice: reuse authorised with acknowledgement (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Eurostat publishes figures for the EU Member States and most EEA and candidate countries; where none is published, the ratio is a dash.
Uncertainty and caveats
The time windows differ; read as an indicator of relative scale. A dash when no GERD figure falls in the span.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/OpenData/EurostatContext.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Population, GDP and GERD (Eurostat) Approved

Identifier: country.eurostat-context · Link to this definition

Shown on
Compare countries; Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Population on 1 January, GDP at current prices and GERD as a share of GDP, the latest year Eurostat publishes for the country, with its flag.
Denominator
As published by Eurostat.
Unit
persons; EUR; percent of GDP
Reference period
Latest year per country and indicator.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Not computed; quoted with year and flag.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
EU Member States and the other countries Eurostat covers.
Source
Eurostat datasets tps00001 (population on 1 January), nama_10_gdp (GDP at current prices, EUR million) and rd_e_gerdtot (GERD)
Licence
Eurostat copyright notice: reuse authorised with acknowledgement (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU)
Coverage and completeness
As published; a dash where Eurostat publishes no figure.
Uncertainty and caveats
Different countries can have different latest years.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/OpenData/EurostatContext.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Specialisation by pillar against the EU27 Approved

Identifier: country.specialisation · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Share of the country’s CORDIS quantum projects in the pillar.
Denominator
The same share for the EU27 (projects with at least one participant from a Member State).
Unit
ratio
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A project counts once per participant country and once for the EU27; a project in several pillars counts in each. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed.
Deduplication
CORDIS records only (source_id cordis:), by project id.
Countries and groups
One country against the EU27.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
No count, share or ratio from fewer than 10 projects of the country. A ratio above 1 means the pillar weighs more in the country’s projects; it says nothing about size or quality.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php

Top partner countries Approved

Identifier: country.partner-countries · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
CORDIS quantum projects in which organisations of both the country and the partner take part (top 10).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
shared projects
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each shared project once per partner.
Deduplication
By project id.
Countries and groups
Partners inside and outside the EU.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets) (collaboration explorer file)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem.
Uncertainty and caveats
Co-participation, not the strength of a relationship.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/PolicyDossier.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php

Records of connected national sources Approved

Identifier: country.connected-sources · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Records of each connected national source, national funder (OpenAIRE) and cohesion source published on the portal for the country.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
records
Reference period
At the time of the dossier.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each published record once; procurement sources count open notices only.
Deduplication
By source identifier prefix and country.
Countries and groups
One country.
Source
National open-data sources, OpenAIRE funders and Kohesio, as named per row
Licence
Each source’s own licence, named per row
Coverage and completeness
Records published on the portal with node access; “could not be counted” when the count fails, never zero.
Uncertainty and caveats
The record at each source is authoritative.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php

National programmes and public investment Approved

Identifier: country.public-investment · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
National quantum programmes and financing records of the country, with amounts as announced.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
currency as announced
Reference period
As stated by each record; registry compiled date shown.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Amounts are never added up.
Deduplication
One record per programme.
Countries and groups
One country.
Source
Public investment registry of the portal (official announcements)
Licence
Quoted as facts with attribution and a link to the official source
Coverage and completeness
Not exhaustive.
Uncertainty and caveats
Announced, not disbursed.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, src/Funding/PublicInvestment.php

Infrastructure catalogue entries in the country Approved

Identifier: country.infrastructure-entries · Link to this definition

Shown on
Compare countries; Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Entries of the infrastructure catalogue located in the country (count on the compare page, list on the dossier).
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
entries
Reference period
The catalogue’s compiled date.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each entry once.
Deduplication
One entry per facility or network; cross-border EuroQCI projects listed as EU-wide are not attributed to a country.
Countries and groups
One country.
Source
Infrastructure catalogue of the portal (official programme, government and host pages)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
A referral list, not confirmed by the providers.
Uncertainty and caveats
Not a census of facilities.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/CountryProfiles.php, src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php, data/infrastructure-facilities.json, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Approved evidence from published reports Approved

Identifier: country.approved-evidence · Link to this definition

Shown on
Country policy dossiers
Numerator: what is counted
Figures from published reports that name the country, each approved by an editor, with value, reference period and geography as the publisher states them.
Denominator
As stated by the publisher.
Unit
as stated
Reference period
Reference period of each figure.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Not computed; never added up or averaged.
Deduplication
One observation per report figure.
Countries and groups
Groups of countries named in full.
Source
Report evidence store of the portal
Licence
Each report’s own terms; cited with edition and page
Coverage and completeness
Only figures an editor has approved.
Uncertainty and caveats
Third-party estimates made with different methods; a figure about a group is not about the country alone.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Controller/PolicyDossierController.php

Projects by pillar on the portal Approved

Identifier: country.projects-by-pillar · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Distinct CORDIS quantum projects published on the portal with at least one participant from the country, in each pillar.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A project counts once per participant country and once in each of its pillars. Pillars by the portal’s one pillar method (Funding\ProjectPillars::resolve()): the confirmed classification, else the taxonomy rules on the title, else the snapshot’s keyword suggestion when a keyword matched, else “not placed”. On 28 October 2026, of 1,347 CORDIS and Funding & Tenders projects, 422 were confirmed, 9 placed by title rules, 660 by keyword suggestion and 256 not placed.
Deduplication
By source identifier.
Countries and groups
One country at a time.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Only projects published on the portal.
Uncertainty and caveats
Some projects are placed by rules or keyword suggestions pending review. When the per-country counts are not available, the rows say so instead of showing zero.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/CountryAreas.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Projects by start year Approved

Identifier: country.projects-by-start-year · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Distinct CORDIS quantum projects published on the portal with a participant from the country, by start year.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
projects
Reference period
All start years in the CORDIS snapshot retrieved 16 October 2026 (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. A project counts once per country, in its start year; years between the first and last are shown, so a gap is a true zero.
Deduplication
By source identifier.
Countries and groups
Two countries side by side.
Source
CORDIS, Publications Office of the European Union (Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe project and organisation datasets)
Licence
European Commission reuse notice (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) and Commission Decision C(2019) 1655 (CC BY 4.0); the portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0
Coverage and completeness
CORDIS projects of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe whose title, acronym or topic identifier mentions quantum (1,256 projects, retrieved 16 October 2026). Catalogue coverage, not a census of the ecosystem. Only projects published on the portal.
Uncertainty and caveats
Recent years include signed projects that have not started.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/CountryAreas.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Organisations published on the portal Approved

Identifier: country.organisations-published · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Organisation pages published on the portal for the country.
Denominator
None: a count or a total, not a ratio.
Unit
organisations
Reference period
At the time of the page.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each organisation once.
Deduplication
One page per organisation.
Countries and groups
One country.
Source
Quantum Europe catalogue (organisation pages)
Licence
Portal content and counts under CC BY 4.0; each record’s source keeps its own terms
Coverage and completeness
Organisations the portal has published; not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
Differs from the CORDIS organisation count, which includes organisations without a portal page.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 28 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/CountryProfiles.php, src/Controller/CountryProfileController.php, src/Observatory/CountryCompare.php, src/Controller/CountryCompareController.php

Quarterly briefing and European Quantum Monitor

Organisations listed on the portal Approved

Identifier: briefing.organisations-listed · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Organisation pages of the /ecosystem listing: the total the release manifest records for the organisations-listing dataset, or, for a release that records none, the listing total read when the briefing is built. Never the rows of the ecosystem.csv download (default filters, at most 5,000 rows).
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
organisations
Reference period
As of the release generation day.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each published organisation page once.
Deduplication
One row per organisation page (Drupal node).
Countries and groups
Every country; organisations outside Europe are included when the portal lists them.
Source
Open data release, organisations-listing dataset (ecosystem.csv)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
Organisation pages published on the portal: CORDIS participants, open-source companies and editor entries. Catalogue coverage, not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
A change between two releases can come from imports and merges as well as from new organisations; the new-organisations count uses the identifier register instead.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.1.0, 29 October 2026: 1.1.0: the listing total, never the rows of the capped CSV download (portal review of 29 October 2026); 1.0.0: first registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Project records from all sources Approved

Identifier: briefing.project-records · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Project records of the /projects listing: the total the release manifest records for the projects-listing dataset, or, for a release that records none, the listing total read when the briefing is built. Never the rows of the projects.csv download (at most 5,000 rows); a figure known only from it is stated as at least that many.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
project records
Reference period
As of the release generation day.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each published project record once.
Deduplication
One row per project page; joint grants of several funders are one record.
Countries and groups
Every country of the connected funders.
Source
Open data release, projects-listing dataset (projects.csv)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
Projects from CORDIS, the Funding & Tenders Portal and the connected national funders. Catalogue coverage, not a census.
Uncertainty and caveats
Funders are connected one by one, so a change can reflect a new source rather than new projects.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.1.0, 29 October 2026: 1.1.0: the listing total, never the rows of the capped CSV download (portal review of 29 October 2026); 1.0.0: first registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Infrastructure facilities in the catalogue Approved

Identifier: briefing.infrastructure-facilities · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Facilities in the infrastructure catalogue export (facilities.json) frozen in the release.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
facilities
Reference period
As of the release generation day.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each catalogue entry once, whatever its status (planned to operational).
Deduplication
One entry per catalogue id.
Countries and groups
EU, associated and other European countries named in the catalogue.
Source
Open data release, infrastructure-facilities dataset
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The curated catalogue of quantum computers, testbeds, pilot lines, networks and centres.
Uncertainty and caveats
A count of entries, not of capacity; planned and ended facilities are included and labelled on the infrastructure pages.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Quantum Europe Strategy actions by evidenced status Approved

Identifier: briefing.strategy-actions-by-status · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Actions and objectives of the strategy tracker whose evidenced status is delivered (also shown: in progress and announced only).
Denominator
All actions and objectives of the tracker.
Unit
actions and objectives
Reference period
As of the release generation day.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each action or objective once, by its evidenced status.
Deduplication
One row per tracker id.
Countries and groups
EU level.
Source
Open data release, strategy-tracker dataset (policy/strategy-tracker.json)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
Every action and objective of the Quantum Europe Strategy as listed in the tracker.
Uncertainty and caveats
The status is what public evidence shows, not an official assessment; no evidence is not proof of no progress.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

New organisations Approved

Identifier: briefing.new-organisations · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Organisations in the release’s register of record identifiers whose portal id is not in the previous release’s register (records or redirects).
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
organisations
Reference period
Between the previous release and this release.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each portal id once.
Deduplication
Portal ids are carried forward between releases by node, source key, ROR, LEI, Wikidata or CORDIS id, so a renamed or re-imported organisation keeps its id.
Countries and groups
Every country.
Source
Open data release, identifiers.json of this and of the previous release
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The organisations the portal publishes.
Uncertainty and caveats
Not determined for the first release (no earlier register); shown as not determined, never as zero.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Funding rounds and awards dated in the period Approved

Identifier: briefing.funding-events · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Announced private funding rounds (rounds file of the release) and other public, editor-reviewed funding events of the company intelligence store, dated in the period.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
rounds and events
Reference period
Facts whose stated date starts after the previous release’s generation day and on or before this release’s (the first briefing: from the first day of the quarter).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each round or event once; an event that repeats a round (same date, amount and currency) is counted once.
Deduplication
By round id; events by event id and against the rounds.
Countries and groups
European quantum companies as listed in the rounds file and the company records.
Source
Open data release, funding-rounds dataset (investors/rounds.json); company intelligence store (verified or issuer-announced, reviewed, with a public https source)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
Publicly announced rounds and events with a source; undisclosed rounds are not known.
Uncertainty and caveats
Amounts are as announced, in their own currency: never added up or converted. The events of the store are read when the briefing is built, not from the release.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php, src/Observatory/QuantumMonitor.php

Infrastructure milestones dated in the period Approved

Identifier: briefing.infrastructure-milestones · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Done milestones and changed facts of the deployment tracker, and roadmap evidence and recorded changes of the strategy roadmaps, dated in the period.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
milestones and changes
Reference period
Facts whose stated date starts after the previous release’s generation day and on or before this release’s (the first briefing: from the first day of the quarter).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each milestone, changed fact, evidence fact or change once.
Deduplication
By record and milestone id.
Countries and groups
EU and European infrastructure named in the tracker and the roadmaps.
Source
Deployment tracker (data/infrastructure-milestones.json, read at build time with its SHA-256); open data release, strategy-tracker dataset (roadmaps)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The curated deployment tracker and the strategy roadmaps.
Uncertainty and caveats
Forecast milestones are not counted: only evidence and recorded changes. A month or year date counts by its first day.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Strategy tracker: status changes and dated evidence Approved

Identifier: briefing.strategy-changes · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Actions whose evidenced status differs from the previous frozen briefing, and progress facts dated in the period.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
changes and facts
Reference period
Facts whose stated date starts after the previous release’s generation day and on or before this release’s (the first briefing: from the first day of the quarter).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each action status change and each progress fact once.
Deduplication
By action id and fact.
Countries and groups
EU level.
Source
Open data release, strategy-tracker dataset
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
Every action and objective of the tracker.
Uncertainty and caveats
Status changes are compared from the second briefing on.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Legislation: stage of each followed file Approved

Identifier: briefing.legislation-stages · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
The current stage of each legislative file of the tracker, its move since the previous briefing and its events dated in the period.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
legislative files and events
Reference period
Facts whose stated date starts after the previous release’s generation day and on or before this release’s (the first briefing: from the first day of the quarter).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each file once; each event once.
Deduplication
By file id and event id.
Countries and groups
EU level.
Source
Open data release, legislation-tracker dataset (policy/legislation.json)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The legislative files and consultations the tracker follows.
Uncertainty and caveats
Moves between stages are compared from the second briefing on.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

New standards dated in the period Approved

Identifier: briefing.new-standards · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Standards references dated in the period, publications of tracked standards in the period and status changes since the previous briefing.
Denominator
None: a count, not a ratio.
Unit
standards and changes
Reference period
Facts whose stated date starts after the previous release’s generation day and on or before this release’s (the first briefing: from the first day of the quarter).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each standard once (a reference and a tracker publication of the same identifier count once).
Deduplication
By identifier and tracker item id.
Countries and groups
International, European and national bodies named in the files.
Source
Open data release, standards-references and standards-tracker datasets
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The standards and specifications the portal tracks for quantum and post-quantum cryptography.
Uncertainty and caveats
Only the standards the portal tracks; not every publication of every body.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Publication trend of the EU member states Approved

Identifier: briefing.publication-trend · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
EU member states whose quantum works in the latest year are above, below or equal to five years earlier, and those without a comparable figure.
Denominator
The EU member states in the research output file.
Unit
member states
Reference period
The latest year of the OpenAlex snapshot frozen in the release, against five years earlier.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each member state once.
Deduplication
By country code.
Countries and groups
EU27 only.
Source
Open data release, research-output-by-country dataset (OpenAlex works by country)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The OpenAlex snapshot of the country research output page.
Uncertainty and caveats
A count of countries by direction of change: no ranking, no sum across countries (co-authored works would count twice).
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Patent families: share of publication windows read Provisional

Identifier: briefing.patent-coverage · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
EPO publication windows read.
Denominator
EPO publication windows needed for the period.
Unit
percent of windows
Reference period
As frozen in the release.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. A coverage statement; no patent count is compared until every window is read.
Deduplication
Not applicable.
Countries and groups
EU27 and partners as read from the EPO.
Source
Open data release, research-output-by-country dataset (EPO Open Patent Services)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The EPO patent family read of the portal; 11.6% of the needed months were read on 28 October 2026. Completeness: 11.6% (measured 28 October 2026).
Uncertainty and caveats
No patent trend is stated while the read is partial.
Approval
Provisional: Coverage under 50%: the EPO read is partial (11.6% of the needed publication months on 28 October 2026).
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php

Notable new calls Approved

Identifier: briefing.new-calls · Link to this definition

Shown on
State of European quantum (EC and Member State users); European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
Topics of the EU programme pipeline about quantum in their own text (relevance core) that opened in the period, then those announced as forthcoming.
Denominator
Shown with all topics opened in the period.
Unit
topics
Reference period
Facts whose stated date starts after the previous release’s generation day and on or before this release’s (the first briefing: from the first day of the quarter).
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each topic once.
Deduplication
By Funding & Tenders topic id.
Countries and groups
EU programmes.
Source
Open data release, programme-pipeline dataset (opportunities/pipeline.json)
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The EU work programme topics the pipeline reads from the Funding & Tenders Portal.
Uncertainty and caveats
Listed by opening date, not by importance. Budgets are as stated by the portal.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/StateOfQuantum.php, src/Observatory/StateOfQuantumBuilder.php, src/Observatory/QuantumMonitor.php

Figures from external reports, with their ranges Approved

Identifier: briefing.evidence-ranges · Link to this definition

Shown on
European Quantum Monitor
Numerator: what is counted
The upper value of each editor-approved figure of a metric, as stated by its publisher, and the range across publishers in the same unit.
Denominator
None: figures are shown side by side, never added up or averaged.
Unit
as stated by each publisher
Reference period
The reference period stated by each report.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Each approved, current figure once.
Deduplication
By evidence record id; superseded editions are left out.
Countries and groups
As stated by each report (EU27, Europe and worldwide kept apart).
Source
Report evidence store (data/report-evidence.json), editor-approved figures only
Licence
The portal’s compilation under CC BY 4.0; source data reused under the terms stated on each source page and in the release manifest.
Coverage and completeness
The external reports registered on /evidence; only figures verified against the source and approved by an editor.
Uncertainty and caveats
Publishers count different things; read each definition before comparing. The reports’ text, tables and charts are not reproduced; figures are paraphrased with a page locator.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version.
Computed by (module code)
src/Observatory/QuantumMonitor.php, src/Evidence/EvidenceStore.php

Figures from published reports

Approved figures from published reports, by topic Approved

Identifier: reports.approved-figures · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Each figure as its publisher states it (value, qualifier and unit), with its reference period, geography and locator.
Denominator
None: values as stated by each report, not ratios computed by the portal.
Unit
unit as stated by the source
Reference period
Reference periods as stated by each report; current editions only.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. One row per figure an editor approved; figures are never added up, averaged or reconciled.
Deduplication
One observation per figure, document and locator; superseded editions are left out.
Countries and groups
As the report states it: EU27, Europe, world, a region, a group or one country, kept distinct.
Source
Published reports in the evidence register (data/report-evidence.json)
Licence
Link and paraphrase, or reuse with attribution where the report has an open licence
Coverage and completeness
Only figures verified against their source and approved by an editor for this exact version.
Uncertainty and caveats
A figure describes what its publisher counted; topic cards group figures of different definitions.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (#621).
Computed by (module code)
src/Evidence/EvidenceStore.php, src/Evidence/ReportsPage.php, src/Controller/EvidenceController.php, data/report-evidence.json

Range across reports for comparable figures Approved

Identifier: reports.range-across-reports · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
The lowest and the highest value stated by different publishers for one metric, unit and latest reference year.
Denominator
None: two stated values, not a ratio.
Unit
unit as stated by the sources
Reference period
The latest year of the reference periods compared.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Observations and estimates only (forecasts are on the forecast page); at least two publishers; no average.
Deduplication
Current approved figures with a stated value; one figure can be both ends when it is a range.
Countries and groups
As the reports state it.
Source
Published reports in the evidence register
Licence
Link and paraphrase, or reuse with attribution where the report has an open licence
Coverage and completeness
Approved figures only; a metric with one publisher has no range.
Uncertainty and caveats
Publishers count different things; the comparison page explains each definition.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (#621).
Computed by (module code)
src/Evidence/EvidenceStore.php, src/Evidence/ReportsPage.php, src/Controller/EvidenceController.php, data/report-evidence.json

Published market-size estimates for quantum technologies Approved

Identifier: reports.market-forecasts · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Each estimate as its publisher states it on a public page: base year value, horizon year value, currency and growth rate.
Denominator
None: values as stated; the portal computes no value from a growth rate.
Unit
currency as stated (no conversion without a recorded rate, source and date)
Reference period
Base and horizon years as stated by each publisher; pages read on the date shown.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. One row per stated estimate; estimates are never averaged, added, interpolated or extrapolated.
Deduplication
One estimate per publisher, segment and horizon year; overlapping markets of one publisher are noted.
Countries and groups
Worldwide unless an estimate states otherwise.
Source
Public pages and press releases of market research firms, consultancies and industry consortia
Licence
Numbers and own-words paraphrase with a link; no text or chart of a report is reproduced
Coverage and completeness
Estimates the portal could read on the publisher’s own page; publishers that refused automated reads are listed as left out.
Uncertainty and caveats
Not stated where a publisher gives no value; an unknown value is never shown as 0. Scopes differ by publisher.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (#621).
Computed by (module code)
src/Evidence/MarketForecasts.php, src/Controller/EvidenceController.php, data/market-forecasts.json

Spread of market estimates by segment and horizon year Approved

Identifier: reports.forecast-spread · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
The lowest and the highest horizon value stated for one segment, horizon year and currency.
Denominator
None: two stated values, not a ratio.
Unit
currency as stated
Reference period
One horizon year per row.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Not counted by the portal. Values in millions and billions of one currency are ordered on one scale; currencies are never mixed and no average is shown.
Deduplication
Each estimate with a stated horizon value once; estimates with only a growth rate are counted apart.
Countries and groups
Worldwide unless an estimate states otherwise.
Source
Public pages and press releases of the publishers listed
Licence
Numbers with attribution and a link
Coverage and completeness
The estimates of data/market-forecasts.json.
Uncertainty and caveats
The spread is not a forecast; estimates count different scopes.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (#621).
Computed by (module code)
src/Evidence/MarketForecasts.php, src/Controller/EvidenceController.php, data/market-forecasts.json

Demand for quantum: buyers and users

Evidence of demand for quantum technology by sector Approved

Identifier: demand.evidence-by-sector · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Evidence records of one sector: tender notices (public sector), organisations in EU-funded quantum projects by CORDIS activity type (public bodies; companies and other organisations with the sector not recorded) and use cases by the sector of the adoption file.
Denominator
None: a count of evidence records, not a share.
Unit
evidence records
Reference period
Every record the portal stores on the day the page is built: open and archived tender notices published on the portal, the CORDIS snapshot of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe quantum projects, and the use cases of the adoption file.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each evidence record counts once in the row of its sector; the kinds of evidence are counted in their own columns and added only into "All evidence records", which names its parts. Users of infrastructure access calls are not published by any programme and are shown as "Not published", never as 0.
Deduplication
A tender notice once; an organisation once whatever its number of projects (by CORDIS organisation id); a use case once per country of a linked end user, or once without a country.
Countries and groups
The buyer or participant countries of the records, as recorded; records without a country are included.
Source
TED (Publications Office of the European Union) and national procurement portals published on the portal; CORDIS (European Commission); the curated use cases of data/adoption.json; the infrastructure use file data/infrastructure-use.json
Licence
TED and CORDIS: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU on the reuse of Commission documents; curated files: portal data with their own source links
Coverage and completeness
Tenders: the notices the portal imported (TED and the national portals it reads), not every public purchase. EU projects: organisations that are not universities or research centres (CORDIS activity types PRC, PUB and OTH), leaving out known quantum suppliers of the supplier directory and the funders, agencies and consultancies of the organisation relations file. Use cases: the curated adoption file.
Uncertainty and caveats
Evidence of demand, not a market size and not a forecast. CORDIS does not tell end users from suppliers; leaving out known suppliers leans the count to end users but can miss suppliers the directory does not know. A tender is counted for the public sector because its buyer is a contracting authority or entity.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (#623).
Computed by (module code)
src/Adoption/DemandMap.php, src/Controller/DemandMapController.php, data/adoption.json, data/infrastructure-use.json

Evidence of demand for quantum technology by country Approved

Identifier: demand.evidence-by-country · Link to this definition

Numerator: what is counted
Evidence records of one country: tender notices by buyer country, organisations in EU-funded quantum projects by their CORDIS country, and use cases by the country of a linked end user.
Denominator
None: a count of evidence records, not a share.
Unit
evidence records
Reference period
Every record the portal stores on the day the page is built: open and archived tender notices published on the portal, the CORDIS snapshot of Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe quantum projects, and the use cases of the adoption file.
More about this definition: counting, source, coverage, approval and version
Counting rule
Whole counting. Each evidence record counts once in the row of its country; the kinds of evidence are counted in their own columns and added only into "All evidence records", which names its parts. Users of infrastructure access calls are not published by any programme and are shown as "Not published", never as 0.
Deduplication
A tender notice once; an organisation once (by CORDIS organisation id); a use case once per country of a linked end user.
Countries and groups
ISO 3166-1 countries as recorded (CORDIS EL and UK read as GR and GB); records without a recorded country are listed apart, last.
Source
TED (Publications Office of the European Union) and national procurement portals published on the portal; CORDIS (European Commission); the curated use cases of data/adoption.json; the infrastructure use file data/infrastructure-use.json
Licence
TED and CORDIS: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU on the reuse of Commission documents; curated files: portal data with their own source links
Coverage and completeness
Tenders: the notices the portal imported (TED and the national portals it reads), not every public purchase. EU projects: organisations that are not universities or research centres (CORDIS activity types PRC, PUB and OTH), leaving out known quantum suppliers of the supplier directory and the funders, agencies and consultancies of the organisation relations file. Use cases: the curated adoption file.
Uncertainty and caveats
Evidence of demand, not a market size and not a forecast. CORDIS does not tell end users from suppliers; leaving out known suppliers leans the count to end users but can miss suppliers the directory does not know. A tender is counted for the public sector because its buyer is a contracting authority or entity.
Approval
Approved by the portal owner, 28 October 2026.
Version
1.0.0, 29 October 2026: First registered version (#623).
Computed by (module code)
src/Adoption/DemandMap.php, src/Controller/DemandMapController.php, data/adoption.json, data/infrastructure-use.json

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