Technology hub: Quantum computing and simulation
Processing information with qubits, and reproducing other quantum systems with controllable quantum devices: quantum processors of every hardware platform, the error correction that protects them, quantum simulators, and the algorithms and programs that run on them.
- Technology families
- Related codes
- CPC: G06N 10/00 Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
- OpenAlex topic: T10682 Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- EuroSciVoc: quantum computers (exact match)
1542 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed: 1878. Suggestions are counted, not listed.
At a glance
- EU and national projects: 1194
- Organisations and companies: 183
- Funding rounds: 25
- Infrastructure and deployment status: 45
- Documents and publications: 8
- Quantum software: 10
- Courses and master’s programmes: 20
- Jobs and funding calls: 11
- News and events: 46
Key items: EU and national projects
- Q-PLANET SGA1: Quantum Pilot Line for production of Advanced chips for Neutral atom European Technologies - Specific Agreement 1
- QLSI2: Initiative for european Semiconductor-based Large-scale Quantum computer
- OpenSuperQPlus100: Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)
Key items: Organisations and companies
Explore by function, platform and application
Draft — to be completed by the responsible team. Draft: to be completed by the responsible team. Starter values from the existing computing families.
- Physical platform
- Superconducting qubits; Trapped ions; Neutral atoms; Photonic qubits; Spin qubits in semiconductors; Colour centres; Topological qubits
- Computing paradigm
- Gate-based (digital) computing; Analogue quantum simulation; Quantum annealing
- Application sector
- No starter values yet.
Expert review sheet of the faceted taxonomy (every value, definition and source)
Overview
The technology atlas of Quantum computing and simulation: its value chain, the documented actors by role, facilities, funding, patents and publications, standards and policy measures on one page, each from a source the portal already publishes. Each section says whether these sources document the technology, show an evidence gap or hold nothing about it.
| Section | State in these sources | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Value chain | Documented in these sources | 78 |
| Actors by role | Documented in these sources | 335 |
| Facilities and access | Documented in these sources | 27 |
| Funding | Documented in these sources | 8 |
| Patents and publications | Documented in these sources | 2 |
| Standards | Documented in these sources | 13 |
| Policy measures | Documented in these sources | 6 |
| Evidence gaps | Evidence gap in these sources | 21 |
- Documented in these sources: at least one record of these sources is about this technology.
- Evidence gap in these sources: the parts tree names a stage, but no documented European actor is linked to it here. Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency.
- No evidence found in these sources: No evidence found in these sources. It means only that these sources hold nothing on it.
Public layer: structure and documented actors only. Actor roles come from typed, dated relationships and are never inferred from shared projects or patents. Supplier assessments of the restricted dependency map are not shown on this public page. No technology readiness level is given.
External context: EPO Observatory: quantum technologies · EPO Deep Tech Finder
Figures from published reports
9 approved figures about this technology.
| Figure | Value | Geography | Period | Source and page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IQM's 2026 report puts total investment in quantum technology in 2025 at USD 10 to 12 billion, more than four times the year before, with 80 to 90% going to quantum computing. | $10-$12 billion (USD billion) | Worldwide | 2025 | IQM Quantum Computers, State of Quantum 2026 (Fourth edition, 2026). Printed page 27, PDF page 27, Theme II, The Quantum Computing market today, Second paragraph and footnote 11. |
| QED-C sizes the 2025 quantum computing market at USD 1.4 billion, within a total quantum market of USD 1.9 billion that includes USD 470 million for quantum sensing. | $1.4 billion (USD billion) | Worldwide | 2025 | Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), managed by SRI International, Global Quantum Computing Market to Double by 2028 (press release on the State of the Global Quantum Industry 2026) (Press release of 14 April 2026). Press release of 14 April 2026, Second paragraph. |
| QED-C projects the quantum computing market to grow about 30% a year to USD 3 billion by 2028. | $3 billion by 2028 (USD billion) | Worldwide | 2028 | Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), managed by SRI International, Global Quantum Computing Market to Double by 2028 (press release on the State of the Global Quantum Industry 2026) (Press release of 14 April 2026). Press release of 14 April 2026, Third paragraph. |
| The Observatory's November 2024 report covers public funding, national strategies and company activity for Italy and the world, but none of its figures is available to the portal. | Not available | Italy, with worldwide context | 2024 | Osservatori Digital Innovation, Politecnico di Milano, The national and international scenario of Quantum Computing & Communication (2024 research, fourth edition of the Observatory). Report page, description and access notice. |
| Eight percent of German companies with 100 or more employees engage very intensively with quantum computing; 35% have engaged with it at all and 22% see it as no topic for them. | 8 percent | Germany | 2025 | Bitkom e.V., Quantum Computing in German Industry 2026: Between Expectations and Implementation (2026 study (survey of autumn 2025)). Printed page 21, PDF page 21, 2.2 Level of Engagement, Figure 14. |
Every report figure of Quantum computing and simulation in technology intelligence · Registered reports and their figures
Value chain
The stages of this technology in the parts tree, a reference structure from review articles and EU law, with the European companies whose own product page names a product line for the stage or a part under it (the curated supplier directory).
Documented in these sources: 78 stages; 21 stages with an evidence gap.
Superconducting circuits
| Stage | Level | Part of | Materials | Documented European actors | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dilution refrigerator | Subsystem | Superconducting circuits | Air Liquide; Bluefors; Entropy; ICEoxford; Leiden Cryogenics; Magnetic Shields; Quantum Design Oxford; VACUUMSCHMELZE | Documented in these sources | |
| Dilution unit and mixing chamber | Component | Dilution refrigerator | Helium-3 and helium-4 mixture (critical raw material) | Air Liquide; Bluefors; Entropy; ICEoxford; Leiden Cryogenics; Quantum Design Oxford | Documented in these sources |
| Pulse-tube cryocooler | Component | Dilution refrigerator | Bluefors | Documented in these sources | |
| Radiation and magnetic shielding | Component | Dilution refrigerator | Magnetic Shields; VACUUMSCHMELZE | Documented in these sources | |
| Qubit chip | Subsystem | Superconducting circuits | Okmetic; QuantWare | Documented in these sources | |
| Josephson junctions | Component | Qubit chip | Aluminium and aluminium oxide (critical raw material) | QuantWare | Documented in these sources |
| Superconducting metal films | Component | Qubit chip | Aluminium (critical raw material); Niobium (critical raw material); Tantalum (critical raw material) | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Substrate | Component | Qubit chip | Silicon (critical raw material); Sapphire | Okmetic | Documented in these sources |
| Readout resonators and Purcell filters | Component | Qubit chip | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Cryogenic signal lines | Subsystem | Superconducting circuits | Basel Precision Instruments; CryoCoax; Delft Circuits; Low Noise Factory; Rosenberger | Documented in these sources | |
| Coaxial cables | Component | Cryogenic signal lines | Niobium-titanium (critical raw material) | CryoCoax; Rosenberger | Documented in these sources |
| Attenuators and filters | Component | Cryogenic signal lines | Basel Precision Instruments | Documented in these sources | |
| Circulators and isolators | Component | Cryogenic signal lines | Low Noise Factory | Documented in these sources | |
| Readout amplifier chain | Subsystem | Superconducting circuits | Arctic Instruments; Low Noise Factory; Silent Waves | Documented in these sources | |
| Josephson parametric amplifiers | Component | Readout amplifier chain | Arctic Instruments; Silent Waves | Documented in these sources | |
| HEMT amplifiers | Component | Readout amplifier chain | Low Noise Factory | Documented in these sources | |
| Room-temperature control electronics | Subsystem | Superconducting circuits | Basel Precision Instruments; Intermodulation Products; Qblox; SemiQon; Spectrum Instrumentation; Zurich Instruments | Documented in these sources | |
| Waveform generators and microwave sources | Component | Room-temperature control electronics | Intermodulation Products; Qblox; Spectrum Instrumentation; Zurich Instruments | Documented in these sources | |
| Readout mixers and digitisers | Component | Room-temperature control electronics | Intermodulation Products; Qblox; Zurich Instruments | Documented in these sources | |
| FPGA-based real-time control | Component | Room-temperature control electronics | Zurich Instruments | Documented in these sources |
Parts tree of Superconducting circuits · Suppliers of Superconducting circuits in the supplier directory
Trapped ions
| Stage | Level | Part of | Materials | Documented European actors | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ion trap | Subsystem | Trapped ions | Diamond Materials; FEMTOprint; Stahl-Electronics | Documented in these sources | |
| Surface-electrode trap chip | Component | Ion trap | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| RF drive and electrode voltages | Component | Ion trap | Stahl-Electronics | Documented in these sources | |
| Atom source and photoionisation | Component | Ion trap | Calcium; Ytterbium; Strontium (critical raw material); Beryllium (critical raw material); Magnesium (critical raw material); Barium | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Ultra-high-vacuum system | Subsystem | Trapped ions | Edwards Vacuum; kiutra; Leybold; Pfeiffer Vacuum | Documented in these sources | |
| Vacuum chamber with optical windows | Component | Ultra-high-vacuum system | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Cryogenic trap environment | Component | Ultra-high-vacuum system | kiutra | Documented in these sources | |
| Laser and optical control | Subsystem | Trapped ions | AA Opto-Electronic; Gooch & Housego; Hamamatsu Photonics A/S (formerly NKT Photonics); Novacene Photonics; Schäfter+Kirchhoff; TOPTICA Photonics; VEXLUM | Documented in these sources | |
| Lasers at the atomic transition wavelengths | Component | Laser and optical control | Hamamatsu Photonics A/S (formerly NKT Photonics); Novacene Photonics; TOPTICA Photonics; VEXLUM | Documented in these sources | |
| Acousto-optic modulators | Component | Laser and optical control | AA Opto-Electronic; Gooch & Housego; Schäfter+Kirchhoff | Documented in these sources | |
| Integrated light delivery | Component | Laser and optical control | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| State detection | Subsystem | Trapped ions | Andor; LASER COMPONENTS; Single Quantum | Documented in these sources | |
| Collection optics | Component | State detection | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Photomultipliers, cameras and avalanche photodiodes | Component | State detection | Andor; LASER COMPONENTS | Documented in these sources | |
| Superconducting nanowire detectors | Component | State detection | Single Quantum | Documented in these sources |
Parts tree of Trapped ions · Suppliers of Trapped ions in the supplier directory
Neutral atoms
| Stage | Level | Part of | Materials | Documented European actors | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atomic register and vacuum system | Subsystem | Neutral atoms | Edwards Vacuum; Leybold; Pfeiffer Vacuum; SAES Getters; Schäfter+Kirchhoff | Documented in these sources | |
| Ultra-high-vacuum chamber | Component | Atomic register and vacuum system | Rubidium | Edwards Vacuum; Leybold; Pfeiffer Vacuum; SAES Getters | Documented in these sources |
| Magneto-optical trap | Component | Atomic register and vacuum system | Schäfter+Kirchhoff | Documented in these sources | |
| Optical tweezer array | Subsystem | Neutral atoms | AA Opto-Electronic; asphericon; Gooch & Housego; Hamamatsu Photonics A/S (formerly NKT Photonics); HOLOEYE Photonics | Documented in these sources | |
| Trapping laser | Component | Optical tweezer array | Hamamatsu Photonics A/S (formerly NKT Photonics) | Documented in these sources | |
| Spatial light modulator | Component | Optical tweezer array | HOLOEYE Photonics | Documented in these sources | |
| Acousto-optic deflectors | Component | Optical tweezer array | AA Opto-Electronic; Gooch & Housego | Documented in these sources | |
| High-numerical-aperture lenses | Component | Optical tweezer array | asphericon | Documented in these sources | |
| Processing lasers | Subsystem | Neutral atoms | AA Opto-Electronic; Exail; Gooch & Housego; Novacene Photonics; QUBIG; Schäfter+Kirchhoff; TOPTICA Photonics; VEXLUM | Documented in these sources | |
| Raman and Rydberg lasers | Component | Processing lasers | Exail; Novacene Photonics; TOPTICA Photonics; VEXLUM | Documented in these sources | |
| Acousto- and electro-optic modulators | Component | Processing lasers | AA Opto-Electronic; Exail; Gooch & Housego; QUBIG; Schäfter+Kirchhoff | Documented in these sources | |
| Fluorescence imaging | Subsystem | Neutral atoms | Andor | Documented in these sources | |
| EMCCD camera | Component | Fluorescence imaging | Andor | Documented in these sources | |
| Dichroic mirror | Component | Fluorescence imaging | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Control electronics and computing | Subsystem | Neutral atoms | Spectrum Instrumentation | Documented in these sources | |
| FPGA and GPU rearrangement | Component | Control electronics and computing | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Synthesisers and waveform generators | Component | Control electronics and computing | Spectrum Instrumentation | Documented in these sources |
Parts tree of Neutral atoms · Suppliers of Neutral atoms in the supplier directory
Photonic
| Stage | Level | Part of | Materials | Documented European actors | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Photon sources | Subsystem | Photonic | Aegiq; APE; Covesion; Quandela; Sparrow Quantum | Documented in these sources | |
| Parametric photon-pair sources | Component | Photon sources | Potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) | Covesion | Documented in these sources |
| Quantum-dot single-photon sources | Component | Photon sources | Aegiq; Quandela; Sparrow Quantum | Documented in these sources | |
| Multiplexing switch networks | Component | Photon sources | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Integrated photonic circuits | Subsystem | Photonic | Exail; FEMTOprint; LIGENTEC; LioniX International; QuiX Quantum | Documented in these sources | |
| Waveguide material platforms | Component | Integrated photonic circuits | Lithium niobate (critical raw material); Silicon (critical raw material); Glass for laser-written waveguides | FEMTOprint; LIGENTEC; LioniX International | Documented in these sources |
| Interferometers, phase shifters and couplers | Component | Integrated photonic circuits | QuiX Quantum | Documented in these sources | |
| Electro-optic switches and modulators | Component | Integrated photonic circuits | Exail | Documented in these sources | |
| Single-photon detectors | Subsystem | Photonic | AUREA Technology; ID Quantique; LASER COMPONENTS; Micro Photon Devices; PicoQuant; Pixel Photonics; qutools; Single Quantum; Swabian Instruments | Documented in these sources | |
| Superconducting nanowire detectors | Component | Single-photon detectors | ID Quantique; Pixel Photonics; Single Quantum | Documented in these sources | |
| Transition-edge sensors | Component | Single-photon detectors | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Avalanche photodiodes | Component | Single-photon detectors | Silicon (critical raw material); Indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) (critical raw material) | AUREA Technology; ID Quantique; LASER COMPONENTS; Micro Photon Devices; PicoQuant | Documented in these sources |
| Detector cryostat | Component | Single-photon detectors | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
Parts tree of Photonic · Suppliers of Photonic in the supplier directory
Spin qubits in semiconductors
| Stage | Level | Part of | Materials | Documented European actors | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semiconductor host material | Subsystem | Spin qubits in semiconductors | SemiQon; Urenco | Documented in these sources | |
| Silicon structures (Si/SiGe and Si-MOS) | Component | Semiconductor host material | Isotopically enriched silicon-28 (critical raw material); Germanium (in silicon-germanium) (critical raw material) | SemiQon; Urenco | Documented in these sources |
| Gallium arsenide heterostructures | Component | Semiconductor host material | Gallium (critical raw material); Arsenic (critical raw material) | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Germanium hole devices | Component | Semiconductor host material | Germanium (critical raw material) | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Phosphorus donors in silicon | Component | Semiconductor host material | Phosphorus (critical raw material) | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Gate electrodes | Subsystem | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Overlapping gate layers | Component | Gate electrodes | Aluminium (critical raw material) | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Spin control | Subsystem | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Spin resonance striplines | Component | Spin control | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Micromagnets | Component | Spin control | Cobalt (critical raw material) | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | |
| Charge sensing and readout | Subsystem | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Qblox; Stahl-Electronics | Documented in these sources | |
| Point contacts and sensor dots | Component | Charge sensing and readout | Evidence gap in these sources Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. | ||
| Radio-frequency reflectometry and gate sensing | Component | Charge sensing and readout | Qblox | Documented in these sources |
Parts tree of Spin qubits in semiconductors · Suppliers of Spin qubits in semiconductors in the supplier directory
Supply-chain parts and critical raw materials
From the parts tree: a reference structure of what each technology needs, down to materials, compiled from public review articles and EU law. It is not a supplier assessment.
- Parts and materials of Superconducting circuits
Critical raw materials: Helium-3 and helium-4 mixture; Aluminium and aluminium oxide; Aluminium; Niobium; Tantalum; Silicon; Niobium-titanium.
- Parts and materials of Trapped ions
Critical raw materials: Strontium; Beryllium; Magnesium.
- Parts and materials of Neutral atoms
- Parts and materials of Photonic
Critical raw materials: Lithium niobate; Silicon; Silicon; Indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs).
- Parts and materials of Spin qubits in semiconductors
Critical raw materials: Isotopically enriched silicon-28; Germanium (in silicon-germanium); Gallium; Arsenic; Germanium; Phosphorus; Aluminium; Cobalt.
Critical raw materials as listed in Annex II of the Critical Raw Materials Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1252).
Actors by role
Organisations with a documented relationship to this technology: a product line on the company’s own product page, the host or programme the infrastructure catalogue names for a facility, or the operator of an access route. Each row names its source and the date it was read. Roles are never inferred from taking part in the same project or patent.
| Role | Actors | State | Where |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturer or supplier of a part | 60 | Documented in these sources | 60 organisations in the table below. |
| Host, operator or access provider | 32 | Documented in these sources | 32 organisations in the table below. |
| Funder or programme | 4 | Documented in these sources | 4 organisations in the table below. |
| Researcher or developer | 183 | Documented in these sources | Organisations confirmed under this technology by the classification; listed in “Organisations and companies” below. Participants in EU-funded projects are counted per pillar in technology intelligence. |
| User | 0 | No evidence found in these sources | These sources record no user of this technology. |
| Organisation | Role | Country | Relationship | Stages | Source and date read |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AA Opto-Electronic | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | High Resolution Deflectors (acousto-optic deflectors for addressing individual qubits) | Acousto-optic deflectors | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| AA Opto-Electronic | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | Modulators & Fixed Frequency Shifters (acousto-optic modulators for qubit control) | Acousto-optic modulators; Acousto- and electro-optic modulators | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Aegiq | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | Quantum light sources (SPS1550, EPS1550) (quantum-dot single-photon and entangled-photon sources) | Quantum-dot single-photon sources | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Air Liquide | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | Helium-3 He3 (helium-3 gas supply for dilution refrigerators of quantum computers) | Dilution refrigerator; Dilution unit and mixing chamber | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Andor | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | iXon Ultra Blue 888 EMCCD (EMCCD camera for ion trap quantum computing research) | Photomultipliers, cameras and avalanche photodiodes; EMCCD camera | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| APE | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | picoEmerald FT (tunable picosecond excitation laser for quantum-dot single-photon and entangled-photon generation) | Photon sources | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Arctic Instruments | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FI | AI-TWPA-C (travelling-wave parametric amplifier for qubit readout) | Josephson parametric amplifiers | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| asphericon | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | Aspheres for a fluorescence microscope (custom high-numerical-aperture asphere objective, usable in ultra-high vacuum, for imaging single cold atoms) | High-numerical-aperture lenses | Source (read 2026-10-30) |
| AUREA Technology | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | NIR Single Photon Detector (near-infrared single-photon detector modules for quantum communication) | Avalanche photodiodes | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| AUREA Technology | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | SPD_OEM_NIR, SPD_SLIM_NIR and GIGAXEA (InGaAs/InP single-photon detectors for QKD and quantum networks) | Single-photon detectors; Avalanche photodiodes | Source (read 2026-10-30) |
| Basel Precision Instruments | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | LNHR DAC IIa (low-noise multichannel DC voltage source for gates at cryogenic temperatures) | Room-temperature control electronics | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| Basel Precision Instruments | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | Microwave Filter & Thermalizer (cryogenic microwave filters and thermalisers) | Attenuators and filters | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| Bluefors | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FI | Cryomech Pulse Tube Cryocoolers (pulse-tube cryocoolers) | Pulse-tube cryocooler | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Bluefors | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FI | XLDsl, LD, Ultra-Compact LD, SD and LH systems (dilution refrigerator measurement systems for superconducting and spin qubit experiments) | Dilution refrigerator; Dilution unit and mixing chamber | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Covesion | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | MgO:PPLN (periodically poled lithium niobate crystals and waveguides for photon-pair generation and frequency conversion) | Parametric photon-pair sources | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| CryoCoax | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | Cable and Cable Assemblies; High Density Connectors (cryogenic coaxial cables and connectors) | Coaxial cables | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| Delft Circuits | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | NL | Cri/oFlex (flexible multi-channel cryogenic stripline cabling for quantum systems) | Cryogenic signal lines | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Diamond Materials | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | Ion Traps for Quantum Technologies (diamond-based ion traps) | Ion trap | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Edwards Vacuum | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | HyTan NEG-Ion pumps and Gamma Vacuum NEG pumps (combined getter and ion pumps for ultra-high vacuum) | Ultra-high-vacuum system; Ultra-high-vacuum chamber | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| Entropy | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | Dilution, ADR and closed-cycle cryostats (dilution refrigerator, ADR and closed-cycle cryostats) | Dilution unit and mixing chamber | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| Exail | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | Intelligent Laser System (frequency-stabilised lasers for atom cooling and manipulation) | Raman and Rydberg lasers | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Exail | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | FR | Lithium niobate electro-optic modulators (phase, amplitude and IQ modulators for quantum communication and atom manipulation) | Acousto- and electro-optic modulators; Electro-optic switches and modulators | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| FEMTOprint | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | Ion traps (contract manufacturing of three-dimensional glass ion traps (Paul, Penning and wheel traps)) | Ion trap | Source (read 2026-10-30) |
| FEMTOprint | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | Photonic connectivity (laser-written three-dimensional waveguides in glass coupling ion traps to fibres and photonic chips) | Integrated photonic circuits; Waveguide material platforms | Source (read 2026-10-30) |
| Gooch & Housego | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | AODF 4085 and Fiber-Q (acousto-optic deflectors and fibre-coupled acousto-optic modulators for quantum computing) | Acousto-optic modulators; Acousto-optic deflectors; Acousto- and electro-optic modulators | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Hamamatsu Photonics A/S (formerly NKT Photonics) | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DK | Koheras (single-frequency fibre lasers and amplifiers for atom trapping, cooling and quantum information) | Lasers at the atomic transition wavelengths | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Hamamatsu Photonics A/S (formerly NKT Photonics) | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DK | Koheras BOOSTIK HP (high-power single-frequency fibre amplifier recommended for atom trapping and cooling) | Trapping laser | Source (read 2026-10-30) |
| HOLOEYE Photonics | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | PLUTO-2.1 LCOS Spatial Light Modulator (phase-only spatial light modulator) | Spatial light modulator | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| ICEoxford | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | GB | Dilution Dry Systems and Dilution Wet Systems (dilution cryostats) | Dilution unit and mixing chamber | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
| ID Quantique | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | ID Qube Series (InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche detectors) | Single-photon detectors; Avalanche photodiodes | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| ID Quantique | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | ID1000 Time Controller Series (time controller for single-photon detection systems) | Single-photon detectors | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| ID Quantique | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | ID281 SNSPD System (superconducting nanowire single-photon detector systems for quantum networks and computers) | Superconducting nanowire detectors | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Intermodulation Products | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | SE | Presto (microwave waveform generator and analyser for qubit control and readout) | Waveform generators and microwave sources; Readout mixers and digitisers | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| kiutra | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | T-Type Optical (4 K optical cryostat for trapped-ion quantum computing) | Cryogenic trap environment | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| LASER COMPONENTS | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | COUNT (silicon APD single-photon counting modules) | Photomultipliers, cameras and avalanche photodiodes | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Leiden Cryogenics | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | NL | CF-CS110 and QUPER dilution refrigerators (dilution refrigerators, including a fast-turnaround inverted unit for qubit testing) | Dilution unit and mixing chamber | Source (read 2026-10-30) |
| Leybold | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | DE | ECODRY plus, TURBOVAC i/iX and TURBOLAB (low-vibration backing pumps, turbomolecular pumps and pumping stations for quantum labs) | Ultra-high-vacuum system; Ultra-high-vacuum chamber | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| LIGENTEC | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | CH | Silicon Nitride (SiN) platform (silicon nitride photonic foundry platform for quantum technologies and photonic qubits) | Waveguide material platforms | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| LioniX International | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | NL | TriPleX (silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits for quantum photonic processors) | Waveguide material platforms | Source (read 2026-10-26) |
| Low Noise Factory | Manufacturer or supplier of a part | SE | Cryogenic Isolators/Circulators (cryogenic isolators and circulators) | Circulators and isolators | Source (read 2026-10-26) Partly verified: the page does not state the quantum use. |
And 112 more documented actors in the supplier directory.
Organisations and companies
183 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed and not listed here: 355.
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Desy
- University of Southampton
- Universiteit Leiden
- The Provost, Fellows, Foundation Scholars & the Other Members of Board, of the College of the Holy & Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth Near Dublin
- Stichting Nederlandse Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Instituten
See all 183: Organisations and companies · Companies of Quantum computing and simulation in the investor screener
Facilities and access
Facilities of this technology in the infrastructure catalogue, the furthest milestone the deployment tracker evidences for each, and the current access routes that open them.
Documented in these sources: 27 facilities.
| Facility | Kind | Country | Host | Status | Furthest evidenced milestone | Access routes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JADE | Quantum simulator | Germany | Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Commissioned or inaugurated | No current access route recorded |
| Ruby | Quantum simulator | France | Managed by GENCI, operated by CEA | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Accepting access applications | EuroHPC JU quantum access in pilot mode |
| Lucy | Quantum computer | France | CEA | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Accepting access applications | EuroHPC JU quantum access in pilot mode |
| Piast-Q | Quantum computer | Poland | Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center (PCSS) | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Accepting access applications | EuroHPC JU quantum access in pilot mode |
| VLQ | Quantum computer | Czechia | IT4Innovations (IT4I) | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Accepting access applications | EuroHPC JU quantum access in pilot mode; FiQCI calls for academic projects; IT4Innovations open access grant competition (including VLQ) |
| Euro-Q-Exa | Quantum computer | Germany | Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Accepting access applications | EuroHPC JU quantum access in pilot mode |
| SOL | Quantum simulator | Italy | CINECA | Planned, per the EuroHPC JU | Commissioned or inaugurated | No current access route recorded |
| EuroQCS-Spain | Quantum computer | Spain | Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) | Inaugurated, per the EuroHPC JU | Accepting access applications | EuroHPC JU quantum access in pilot mode |
| MeluXina-Q | Quantum computer | Luxembourg | LuxProvide | In procurement, per the EuroHPC JU | Procurement or tender | No current access route recorded |
| EuroSSQ-HPC (EuroHPC quantum computer in the Netherlands) | Quantum computer | Netherlands | SURF, in coordination with QuantumDelta NL | In procurement, per the EuroHPC JU | Procurement or tender | No current access route recorded |
| Qu-Pilot | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by VTT; 21 partners from 9 European countries | Project period ended, per the source | Accepting access applications | No current access route recorded |
| SUPREME | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT Oy; 23 participants | Project | Funded or agreement signed | No current access route recorded |
| P4Q | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by Universiteit Twente; 29 participants | Project | Funded or agreement signed | No current access route recorded |
| SPINS | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by Interuniversitair Micro-Electronica Centrum (imec); 25 participants | Project | Not in the deployment tracker | No current access route recorded |
| DIREQT | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); 31 participants | Project | Funded or agreement signed | No current access route recorded |
| Q-PLANET | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by Pasqal; 30 participants | Project | Funded or agreement signed | No current access route recorded |
| CHAMP-ION | Pilot line network | EU-wide or cross-border | Coordinated by Silicon Austria Labs (SAL); 21 participants | Project | Not in the deployment tracker | No current access route recorded |
| TNO quantum testing hub at House of Quantum | Testbed | Netherlands | TNO | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | No current access route recorded |
| Quantum Inspire | Quantum computing user platform | Netherlands | QuTech, founded by TU Delft and TNO | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | Quantum Inspire |
| JUNIQ | Quantum computing user platform | Germany | Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | JUNIQ access to quantum computers at Jülich |
| LRZ Quantum Integration Centre (QIC) | Quantum computing user platform | Germany | Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | LRZ quantum computing service and consulting |
| France Hybrid HPC Quantum Initiative (HQI) platform | Quantum computing user platform | France | TGCC (CEA), with GENCI | In operation, per the source | Accepting access applications | GENCI eDARI requests for French quantum resources |
| Finnish Quantum-Computing Infrastructure (FiQCI) | Quantum computing user platform | Finland | VTT, Aalto University and CSC – IT Center for Science | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | FiQCI calls for academic projects |
| Quantum Spain quantum computer at BSC-CNS | Quantum computer | Spain | Barcelona Supercomputing Center – Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC-CNS) | In operation, per the source | Accepting access applications | Spanish Supercomputing Network (RES) quantum access |
| CINECA Quantum Computing as a Service | Quantum computing user platform | Italy | CINECA | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | CINECA quantum resources through ISCRA-C projects |
| WACQT Quantum Technology Testbed | Testbed | Sweden | Wallenberg Centre for Quantum Technology (WACQT), Chalmers University of Technology | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | WACQT Quantum Technology Testbed |
| TNO Quantum Sensing Testbed | Testbed | Netherlands | TNO, developed with TU Delft | In operation, per the source | Not in the deployment tracker | No current access route recorded |
Infrastructure catalogue · Deployment tracker · How to get access
Infrastructure and deployment status
45 confirmed items.
- CHAMP-ION
- CINECA Quantum Computing as a Service
- DIREQT
- Euro-Q-Exa
- EuroSSQ-HPC (EuroHPC quantum computer in the Netherlands)
See all 45: Infrastructure and deployment status · Catalogue entries of this pillar · Deployment tracker for this pillar
Funding
Upcoming work-programme topics in this technology (the EU programme pipeline) and the funding instruments whose stated quantum relevance names it. The awards of its EU-funded projects and the announced funding rounds follow below.
Upcoming topics in the programme pipeline
Documented in these sources: 3 upcoming topics (pipeline read 2026-11-01).
- Quantum Machine Learning
- Secure PQC implementations, Cryptanalysis and Post-quantum Digital Trust
- New primitives and protocols for functionalities of future hybrid classical-hybrid and quantum networks
Pipeline topics of Quantum computing and simulation
Funding instruments
| Instrument | Programme | Stated quantum relevance | Why it is shown |
|---|---|---|---|
| EIC Accelerator | Horizon Europe: European Innovation Council | The EIC Work Programme 2026 states that the Accelerator Open call remains available to start-ups and SMEs, including for quantum technologies, with specific safeguards on investments in quantum. | Names this technology |
| EIC STEP Scale Up | Horizon Europe: European Innovation Council, Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP) | Quantum technologies are among the digital and deep-tech priority areas, and the EIC Work Programme 2026 says support for quantum start-ups will be pursued in particular through this call. | Names this technology |
| EuroHPC JU quantum technology calls (Quantum Flagship) | Horizon Europe: Quantum Flagship, implemented by the EuroHPC JU | Since Council Regulation (EU) 2026/150 entered into force on 20 January 2026, the JU implements the Union's quantum technology agenda, including the Quantum Flagship funded through Horizon Europe, and its 2026 calls cover quantum computing platforms, QKD, testing infrastructure, pilot lines, sensing, machine learning and standards. | Names this technology |
| Chips JU quantum actions (Chips for Europe Initiative) | Chips for Europe Initiative: Horizon Europe and Digital Europe Programme | The Chips for Europe Initiative includes dedicated quantum actions: building capacity for quantum chips, design libraries, dedicated pilots and testing facilities, from superconducting circuits to photonic, neutral-atom and ion-trap chips. | Names a family of this pillar |
| QuantERA joint transnational calls | QuantERA: network of national research funders with European Commission co-funding | QuantERA is a network of research funders for quantum technologies, and Call 2025 covered quantum phenomena and resources and applied quantum science across communication, computing, simulation, sensing and metrology. | Names this technology |
6 more instruments are open to any field of research and are not listed here.
EU and national projects
1194 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed and not listed here: 1295.
| Measure | Total | Projects with an amount | Projects without one |
|---|---|---|---|
| EU contribution (maximum grant agreed) | EUR 544,531,669.79 | 213 | 0 |
| Total cost (includes the award) | EUR 552,044,606.58 | 155 | 0 |
| Measure | Total | Projects with an amount | Projects without one |
|---|---|---|---|
| award value (Gateway to Research) | GBP 204,421,816 | 214 | 0 |
| ANR aid allocated | EUR 25,002,208.86 | 70 | 0 |
| funded amount | EUR 14,062,865.77 | 49 | 0 |
| approved FWF funding | EUR 21,981,268 | 45 | 0 |
| NWO award amount | EUR 24,132,616 | 44 | 0 |
| funded amount | SEK 105,434,104 | 40 | 0 |
| total eligible expenditure | EUR 13,132,470.72 | 16 | 0 |
| aid allocated (France 2030, operated by the ANR) | EUR 36,755,573 | 7 | 0 |
| award amount | EUR 913,259 | 2 | 0 |
| funded amount | HRK 320,000 | 1 | 0 |
| NWO award amount | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| approved total costs | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| award value (Gateway to Research) | 0 | 0 | 232 |
| current total commitment | 0 | 0 | 18 |
| funded amount | 0 | 0 | 152 |
| total awarded | 0 | 0 | 12 |
Each project counts once. A total adds the amount each source states for its projects within one measure and one currency only: EU contributions, national awards and other measures are never added together. Total cost includes the award and is shown separately. A country filter keeps whole projects with a participant in the country, so its total is not the country's share. Programme envelopes, partner shares, co-funding and payments are separate layers and are never added to awards; payments are not published by the sources used. Outputs are linked only through an explicit project or grant identifier or reviewed documentary evidence, never by name alone; only a reviewed document can show a demonstrated contribution. CORDIS and Funding & Tenders amounts are one measure, the EU contribution (maximum grant agreed in the grant agreement, not payments). Country codes EL and UK are read as GR (Greece) and GB (United Kingdom). National and regional rows whose title names no quantum technology are left out unless asked for. EU and national totals are shown apart and never added.
Includes projects from the ANR open data: ANR, data.gouv.fr, ODbL 1.0; those rows are shared alike under the Open Database Licence.
59 confirmed project pages have no award record and are not in the totals.
- Q-PLANET SGA1: Quantum Pilot Line for production of Advanced chips for Neutral atom European Technologies - Specific Agreement 1
- QLSI2: Initiative for european Semiconductor-based Large-scale Quantum computer
- OpenSuperQPlus100: Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)
- Millenion-SGA1: Modular Industrial Large-scaLE quaNtum computing with trapped IONs, phase 1
- PRESQUILE: Préparation des Si-Qubits pour l'Intégration à Large Echelle
Funding rounds
25 confirmed items.
- Alice & Bob: Series B, 2025-01-28
- Alice & Bob: Public equity investment (EIC STEP Scale Up), 2026-04-27
- Alice & Bob: Extension or further close, 2026-05-22
- IQM Quantum Computers: Public equity investment (EIC STEP Scale Up), 2025-04-03
- IQM Quantum Computers: Series B, 2025-09-03
See all 25: Funding rounds · Funding rounds tracker of the investor view
Jobs and funding calls
11 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed and not listed here: 13.
Patents and publications
Patent counts come from EPO Open Patent Services in technology intelligence, by CPC group, and per EPO quantum concept in the technology intelligence reports; publications by OpenAlex topic. The patent series of this node and its documents follow below.
Documented in these sources: 1 indicator page of this technology.
OpenAlex topics
Patent landscape of Quantum computing and simulation in technology intelligence · All technology intelligence reports
Patents
Published patent documents per year in G06N 10/00 Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena, from technology intelligence (EPO Open Patent Services counts, not patent families).
Status: 12 of 12 years collected.
Patent landscape of Quantum computing and simulation in technology intelligence
Documents and publications
8 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed and not listed here: 15.
Standards
Standards, specifications, committees and roadmaps of the standards tracker in the scope of this technology, each with its body and status.
Documented in these sources: 13 tracked items.
| Identifier | Title | Kind | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| CEN/CLC/TR 18202:2025 | Layer model of Quantum Computing | Technical report | Published |
| EAS 18433:2026 | Quantum Computing - High-Level Programming Language | Specification | Published |
| EAS 18434:2026 | Quantum Computing - Roadmap for Post-Processing Software in Space | Specification | Published |
| EAS 18435-1:2026 | Quantum Computing - Hardware Abstraction Layer - Part 1: Descriptions and functional requirements | Specification | Published |
| prEN 18470 (WI JT022006) | Quantum technologies - quantum computing - Hybridization of High-Performance Computing and Quantum Computing | Work item or project | In development |
| prCEN/CLC/TR 18437 (WI JT022005) | Performance benchmarks of quantum computing applications | Work item or project | In development |
| prCEN/CLC/TS 18438-1 (WI JT022007) | Quantum Technologies - Quantum Computing - Cryogenic Solid State Gate-Based Quantum Computing - Part 1: Functional Requirements | Work item or project | In development |
| ISO/IEC 4879:2024 | Information technology — Quantum computing — Vocabulary | Standard | Published |
| IEEE P7131 | Standard for Quantum Computing Performance Metrics & Performance Benchmarking | Work item or project | Withdrawn |
| IEEE P3155 | Standard for Programmable Quantum Simulator | Work item or project | Withdrawn |
| IEEE P3120 | Standard for Quantum Computing Architecture | Work item or project | Withdrawn |
| IEEE P3185 | Standard for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Computing | Work item or project | Withdrawn |
| IEEE P3329 | Standard for Quantum Computing Energy Efficiency | Work item or project | In development |
9 tracked items are about quantum technologies in general.
Policy measures
Actions of the Quantum Europe Strategy (COM(2025) 363) that name this technology or its pillar, or that link one of its facilities, with their status in the strategy tracker.
Documented in these sources: 6 actions.
| Action | Status | Target | Why it is shown | Where in the strategy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Publish an EU Quantum Computing and Simulation Roadmap | Announced | 2026 | Names this technology | Section 2.2.1, text and action list (p. 7); Appendix, Area 2 (p. 23) |
| Expand the EuroHPC quantum computers | In progress (evidence) | 2026 onwards | Names this technology | Section 2.2.1, action list (p. 7); Appendix, Area 2 (p. 23) |
| Set up a monitoring framework for quantum computing | Announced | 2026 | Names this technology | Section 2.2.1, action list (p. 7); Appendix, Area 2 (p. 23) |
| About 100 error-corrected qubits per system | Announced | By 2030 | Names this technology | Section 2.2.1, text after Table 1 (p. 6) |
| Thousands of error-corrected qubits per platform | Announced | By 2035 | Names this technology | Section 2.2.1, text after Table 1 (p. 6) |
| Establish six quantum pilot lines under the Chips Joint Undertaking | Delivered (evidence) | 2025 | Links a facility of this technology | Section 2.3.1 (p. 12) and action list (p. 15); Appendix, Area 3 (p. 23) |
Evidence gaps
Stages of the value chain for which these sources link no documented European actor. Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. A company may well supply the stage without a product page the directory has read; a missing record is never proof of a strategic dependency.
Evidence gap in these sources: 21 stages. Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency.
| Stage | Level | Part of | Platform | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Superconducting metal films | Component | Qubit chip | Superconducting circuits | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Readout resonators and Purcell filters | Component | Qubit chip | Superconducting circuits | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Surface-electrode trap chip | Component | Ion trap | Trapped ions | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Atom source and photoionisation | Component | Ion trap | Trapped ions | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Vacuum chamber with optical windows | Component | Ultra-high-vacuum system | Trapped ions | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Integrated light delivery | Component | Laser and optical control | Trapped ions | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Collection optics | Component | State detection | Trapped ions | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Dichroic mirror | Component | Fluorescence imaging | Neutral atoms | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| FPGA and GPU rearrangement | Component | Control electronics and computing | Neutral atoms | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Multiplexing switch networks | Component | Photon sources | Photonic | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Transition-edge sensors | Component | Single-photon detectors | Photonic | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Detector cryostat | Component | Single-photon detectors | Photonic | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Gallium arsenide heterostructures | Component | Semiconductor host material | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Germanium hole devices | Component | Semiconductor host material | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Phosphorus donors in silicon | Component | Semiconductor host material | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Gate electrodes | Subsystem | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Overlapping gate layers | Component | Gate electrodes | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Spin control | Subsystem | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Spin resonance striplines | Component | Spin control | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Micromagnets | Component | Spin control | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
| Point contacts and sensor dots | Component | Charge sensing and readout | Spin qubits in semiconductors | Evidence gap in these sources, not a finding of dependency. |
Know a European supplier for one of these stages? Tell the editors
Quantum software
10 confirmed items.
Courses and master’s programmes
20 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed and not listed here: 40.
News and events
46 confirmed items. Including suggestions by rules or AI, not yet reviewed and not listed here: 79.
JRC and EU analysis
Reports and pages of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC). Identifiers are those of the JRC Publications Repository; the portal does not reproduce their data.
- EU role in the global quantum race
Policy brief on the global quantum technology landscape: public and private funding, innovation potential and market perspective.
- Future Directions for Quantum Technology in Europe
Background analysis for the Quantum Europe Strategy: companies, patents, publications, supply chains, public funding and venture capital, by sector (communication including QKD, computing including simulation, sensing, and post-quantum cryptography).
- (Dis)Entangling the Future: horizon scanning for emerging technologies and breakthrough innovations in the field of quantum technologies
Horizon scanning of emerging quantum technologies and breakthrough innovations (FUTURINNOV project).
- Patent analysis of selected quantum technologies
Patent applications in the EPO Global Patent Index for quantum computing, quantum key distribution, quantum entanglement and cold atom interferometry, with a discussion of method (EUR 29614 EN).
Further reading
- Understanding Quantum Technologies 2025 (Olivier Ezratty, 8th edition, version 8.1 of 30 October 2025, arXiv:2111.15352 (v6), doi:10.48550/arXiv.2111.15352, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)See Part 2: Computing hardware; Part 3: Computing software
- Understanding Quantum Technologies 2026 (Olivier Ezratty, 9th edition, version 9.0 of 17 October 2026 (latest edition))See Part 2: Computing hardware; Part 3: Computing software
Olivier Ezratty, Understanding Quantum Technologies (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Links only; no text of the book is reproduced on this portal.
All technologies · How items are classified · Published classification method · Algorithms and benchmarks for Quantum computing and simulation · Draft SRIA 2026 chapter: Computing and simulation